CB-578 stage B: quarantine the exhausted credential, not the profile

A BACKEND_EXHAUSTED classification (stage A) now puts that profile's
credential into a BackendQuarantine for a configurable cooldown. A spawn
onto a quarantined profile is refused naming the credential and roughly
when it lifts; weighted/round-robin/fixed placement skip a quarantined
candidate; the quarantine lifts itself on the injected clock; and it is
visible on bridge_profiles.

Keyed by credential, not by profile name, via the new Profile.credentialId
(profiles sharing one credential quarantine together — e.g. two models on
one account) and effectiveCredentialId() (unset ⇒ quarantines alone,
today's behaviour unchanged). Fixed a related gap along the way: a reload
changing exhaustedPattern was silently reported "applied" even though it's
deferred — sameLaunchSettings() now catches it too.

bridged/bridged.example.yaml

@@ -47,15 +47,18 @@ bind:
 # (say a Claude lead and an opencode lead) work as peers: the second is silently demoted and refused
 # every orchestration call. List each lead's pane here and all of them resolve as leads.
 #
-#   terminal → the ONLY field identity depends on; get it from that session's bridge_whoami
+#   tab → the ONLY field identity depends on (CB-579); the exact label of the tab hosting the lead.
+#         Label the tab yourself, or let bridged label one it launches — see `fleet.leaders:` below.
 #   kind/model → descriptive; they document what runs in the pane and are echoed by bridge_whoami
 #
-# A lead is never spawned — it pre-exists, which is exactly why it must be named rather than created.
+# A lead's tab must already carry its label (or be launched by bridged, which labels it) — there is
+# no terminal id to paste in and nothing to re-pin when the session restarts: the tab survives, so
+# the same label resolves the same lead again on the next scan.
 # `bridge_whoami` reports `{"role":"primary","leader":"<name>"}`; role stays "primary" because a lead
 # IS a primary for authorization, so nothing that keys on the role breaks.
 #
 # KEEP `primary:` when adding leads: it still addresses the CB-307 push loop, which needs a single
-# destination for its nudges. If both name the same terminal, the `fleet.leaders:` entry wins.
+# destination for its nudges, and is a separate mechanism from lead identity — see `fleet.leaders:`.
 #
 # Leads are configured under `fleet.leaders:` — see THE FLEET further down.
 #
@@ -135,6 +138,23 @@ herdrSocket: ~/.config/herdr/herdr.sock
 #                      SSH is unaffected). The token value itself is never stored in this file.
 #   gitHostEnv       → host env var holding the forge host (default GITEA_HOST). Injected as
 #                      GITEA_HOST *only* alongside a resolved gitTokenEnv.
+#   exhaustedPattern → regex matched against a completion-fallback scrape (CB-578 stage A) to
+#                      classify a turn that ended with no bridge_reply as the backend having
+#                      refused on a subscription usage limit, rather than a real answer. Opt-in —
+#                      omit and this profile's completion fallback behaves exactly as before.
+#                      Every backend words its refusal differently, so this is config, never a
+#                      vendor string baked into bridged itself.
+#                      DEFERRED: compiled once into a startup pattern map — editing it needs a
+#                      daemon restart, same as this profile's model/baseUrl/argv.
+#   credentialId     → CB-578 stage B: the credential this profile quarantines WITH when a
+#                      BACKEND_EXHAUSTED classification fires. Two profiles that set the SAME
+#                      credentialId share one quarantine — the case this exists for is two models
+#                      on one account (e.g. sol and terra both billing one OpenAI credential): an
+#                      exhaustion on either one must lock out both, or the fleet just walks onto
+#                      the same dead account under the sibling's name. Opt-in — omit and this
+#                      profile quarantines alone, under its own name, exactly as if the field did
+#                      not exist. Cooldown length is the top-level quarantineCooldownSeconds below.
+#                      HOT: read live at every spawn/exhaustion check — no restart needed.
 #   env              → extra environment for this profile's workers, as a literal key/value map
 #                      (CB-511). Use it to give workers a toolchain.
 #
@@ -168,6 +188,8 @@ profiles:
     maxLoad: 2                        # max live workers on this profile (omit for unlimited)
     # gitTokenEnv: GITEA_TOKEN        # opt-in: let this profile's workers open their own PR (CB-302)
     # gitHostEnv: GITEA_HOST          # defaults to GITEA_HOST; injected only with gitTokenEnv
+    # exhaustedPattern: "usage limit has been reached"   # opt-in: classify a usage-limit refusal (CB-578)
+    # credentialId: shared-openai   # opt-in: quarantine together with every other profile sharing this id (CB-578)
     # configDir: /Users/me/.ccs/instances/gx10   # CLAUDE_CONFIG_DIR — inherit that profile's skills/MCP
     # cwd: /Users/me/src/myrepo       # pin the working dir; omit to inherit the primary's
     # parityOverlay: [".claude/settings.local.json", ".env", ".envrc"]   # never add .mcp.json — see above
@@ -233,6 +255,15 @@ profiles:
 # round-robin, or weighted. Omitting this key is a strict no-op for existing configs.
 placement: weighted
 
+# How long a credential sits out after a BACKEND_EXHAUSTED classification (CB-578 stage B), in
+# seconds, before a spawn may land on it again. Applies to every profile's effective credential
+# (its own name, or its credentialId if set above) — there is no per-profile override. Default
+# 1800 (30 minutes) when omitted or non-positive.
+# DEFERRED: baked once into the BackendQuarantine built at startup — a running quarantine keeps
+# its original cooldown regardless; a new value only applies to a quarantine that starts after a
+# restart. Editing this needs a daemon restart to take effect.
+# quarantineCooldownSeconds: 1800
+
 # Re-read this file without restarting the daemon (CB-559). Off unless you add this block, so an
 # upgraded bridged keeps the old behaviour: the file is read once at boot and never again.
 #   enabled          → turn the watch on. bridged checks the file's modified time on a timer and
@@ -242,17 +273,20 @@ placement: weighted
 # Not every key can move under a running daemon, and the difference is about what already exists
 # when the reload happens — not about how important the key is:
 #   HOT       → takes effect on the next spawn: the whole `fleet:` block (every role pool,
-#               `charters`, and `tabLabel`), `placement:`, and an existing profile's weight / maxLoad. Those are
-#               hot because the placement policy reads them through a supplier — being config is
+#               `charters`, and `tabLabel`), `placement:`, and an existing profile's weight / maxLoad
+#               / credentialId. Those are hot because the placement policy (and, for credentialId,
+#               the CB-578 stage B quarantine check) reads them through a supplier — being config is
 #               not by itself enough to make a key hot.
 #   DEFERRED  → accepted into the new config, but the wiring built at startup keeps the old value
 #               until you restart: `lifecycle:`, `leadHeartbeat:`, `guard:`, `worktreeRoot:`,
-#               `spawnReadyTimeoutMs` / `spawnReadyPollMs`, ADDING or REMOVING a profile (a new
-#               backend needs its own launcher, and launchers are built once), AND an existing
-#               profile's launch settings — model, baseUrl, argv, env, configDir, mcpUrl, tabLabel.
-#               The launcher takes a copy of `profiles:` at startup and resolves every spawn out of
-#               that copy, so those never reach a launch until you restart. The reload logs them by
-#               name rather than pretending they applied.
+#               `spawnReadyTimeoutMs` / `spawnReadyPollMs`, `quarantineCooldownSeconds` (CB-578
+#               stage B — baked once into the quarantine tracker built at startup), ADDING or
+#               REMOVING a profile (a new backend needs its own launcher, and launchers are built
+#               once), AND an existing profile's launch settings — model, baseUrl, argv, env,
+#               configDir, mcpUrl, tabLabel, exhaustedPattern. The launcher takes a copy of
+#               `profiles:` at startup and resolves every spawn out of that copy, so those never
+#               reach a launch until you restart. The reload logs them by name rather than
+#               pretending they applied.
 #   COLD      → cannot change at all: `bind:`, `herdrSocket:`, `broker:` and `auth:`. The socket is
 #               bound, the broker connection is open, and the auth mode decides who may reach the
 #               port that is already listening.
@@ -309,15 +343,18 @@ fleet:
 
   # Panes that orchestrate rather than are orchestrated. A lead may now be CREATED as well as
   # recognised: give it a `profile:` and the daemon launches the shortfall when fewer than
-  # `instances` are live. Give it only a `terminal:` and it is recognise-only, as before.
+  # `instances` are live. Omit `profile:` and it is recognise-only, as before.
   #
-  # `tabPrefix` is the naming convention that finds a lead without pasting a terminal id: label the
-  # tab `lead: <name>` when you open it and the pane is recognised on the next rescan. Reopen the
-  # tab later and the id changes; the label does not.
+  # `tab:` (CB-579) is REQUIRED and is the only field identity depends on — the exact label of the
+  # tab hosting the lead, matched case-insensitively. Label the tab yourself and put that same
+  # string here, and the pane is recognised on the next rescan. Reopen the tab later, or the session
+  # inside it restarts — the terminal id changes; the tab, and its label, do not, so no config edit
+  # follows a restart.
   #
-  # A lead the daemon launches is labelled BY the daemon, using the same convention, so it is found
+  # A lead the daemon launches is labelled BY the daemon with this same `tab:` value, so it is found
   # by the same scan. A lead counts as live only when herdr also reports a running agent in that
-  # tab — a label left behind by a session that died does not block the relaunch.
+  # tab — a label left behind by a session that died does not block the relaunch, and a tab that is
+  # gone entirely drops out of the next scan rather than being remembered forever.
   #
   # An auto-launched lead is NOT a member: it gets no worker reply charter, is never registered with
   # the session lifecycle (the idle reaper would kill your orchestrator), and stays on the
@@ -326,10 +363,9 @@ fleet:
   #   opus-5.0:
   #     profile: opus                # omit to never create this lead, only recognise it
   #     instances: 1                 # desired live count; only the shortfall is launched. 0 = off
-  #     terminal: term_0123456789abcd  # optional hand-pin; usually found by tabPrefix instead.
-  #                                  # A running agent on this terminal also counts as live, so a
-  #                                  # lead you opened by hand is not relaunched under you.
-  #     tabPrefix: "lead:"           # `lead: opus-5.0` ⇒ a lead named opus-5.0 (case-insensitive)
+  #     tab: "lead: opus-5.0"        # REQUIRED — the exact tab label this lead lives in
+  #     tabPrefix: "lead:"           # only used to guard against a worker tabLabel colliding with
+  #                                  # this convention at startup; plays no part in matching a lead
   #     scanIntervalSeconds: 10      # rescan cadence, and the worst case before a new tab is seen
   #     workspace: leads             # where a launched lead's tab is created (default "leads").
   #                                  # MUST NOT be a member workspace — those are excluded from the
@@ -337,7 +373,7 @@ fleet:
   #     cwd: /path/to/repo           # the launched lead's working directory (default: bridged's own)
   #     kind: claude                 # descriptive; reported by bridge_whoami
   #   gpt-sol-5.6:
-  #     terminal: term_fedcba9876543
+  #     tab: "lead: gpt-sol-5.6"
   #     kind: opencode
   #     model: openai/gpt-5.6-terra
 

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/Bridged.java

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.PaneLocator;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.UnixSocketHerdrClient;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.CompletionResolver;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.ExhaustedPatternLookup;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.ExhaustionSink;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.Injector;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.StatusPoller;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.TurnListener;
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.LeadHeartbeatLoop;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.ReplyPushLoop;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.rest.BridgedApp;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.GitWorktrees;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.session.MemberSession;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.SessionManager;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.SessionReaper;
@@ -43,6 +46,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.member.ClaudeCodeLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.member.CompositePeerLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.member.HerdrPeerLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.member.OpenCodeLauncher;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.BackendQuarantine;
 import io.javalin.Javalin;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
@@ -60,6 +64,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 /**
@@ -139,11 +144,18 @@ public final class Bridged {
                     () -> config.get().fleet()));
         }
         AtomicReference<Function<String, Integer>> liveCountRef = new AtomicReference<>(_ -> 0);
+        // CB-578 stage B: one quarantine tracker for the whole daemon, shared between the launcher
+        // (checked at spawn) and the exhaustion sink wired in below (written on BACKEND_EXHAUSTED).
+        // The cooldown is deferred (see BridgedConfig#quarantineCooldownSeconds): it is read once
+        // here, at startup, and a config reload only changes it for a daemon restart.
+        BackendQuarantine quarantine = new BackendQuarantine(System::nanoTime,
+                TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(cfg.quarantineCooldownSeconds()));
         PeerLauncher workers = new CompositePeerLauncher(
                 adapters,
                 cfg.effectiveDefaultProfile(),
                 config,
-                profileName -> liveCountRef.get().apply(profileName));
+                profileName -> liveCountRef.get().apply(profileName),
+                quarantine);
         // CB-504: under supervision (launchd/systemd) bridged can start before herdr's socket
         // exists. The client itself is lazy — it connects per call — but the orphan reap below is
         // the first thing that actually talks to herdr, so without this wait a boot-order race
@@ -193,34 +205,34 @@ public final class Bridged {
         if (leadTerminals.size() > 1) {
             log.info("leads: {} panes recognised {}", leadTerminals.size(), leadTerminals.values());
         }
-        // CB-531: on top of the static registry, discover leads by the tab labels the operator
-        // writes. CB-557 moved the settings onto the lead they describe, so scanning is on whenever
-        // a `fleet.leaders:` entry exists — with no leads configured the supplier is a constant and
-        // never touches herdr, exactly as a missing `leadScan:` block used to behave.
+        // CB-531: on top of the legacy primary.terminal pin, discover leads by the tab labels the
+        // operator writes. CB-557 moved the settings onto the lead they describe, so scanning is on
+        // whenever a `fleet.leaders:` entry exists — with no leads configured the supplier is a
+        // constant and never touches herdr, exactly as a missing `leadScan:` block used to behave.
+        // CB-579: each lead now names its own exact `tab:` label, so one scanner discovers every
+        // configured lead regardless of how differently their tabs are labelled — the old
+        // single-shared-tabPrefix limitation (and its warning) is gone.
         final Supplier<Map<String, String>> leads;
         var leaders = cfg.fleet().leaders();
         if (!leaders.isEmpty()) {
-            // One scanner, so one prefix and one interval. Distinct per-lead prefixes would need a
-            // scanner each; until a config actually wants that, take the first entry's settings and
-            // say so, rather than silently honouring one lead's prefix and dropping another's.
-            var scan = leaders.values().iterator().next();
             Set<String> memberSpaces = cfg.profiles().values().stream()
                     .map(BridgedConfig.Profile::workspace)
                     .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                     .collect(Collectors.toSet());
-            leads = new LeadTabScanner(herdr, scan.tabPrefix(), memberSpaces, leadTerminals,
-                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(scan.scanIntervalSeconds()), System::nanoTime);
-            log.info("lead scan: tabs labelled '{}…' host a lead (rescan every {}s, member spaces {} "
-                            + "excluded)",
-                    scan.tabPrefix(), scan.scanIntervalSeconds(), memberSpaces);
-            long distinctPrefixes = leaders.values().stream()
-                    .map(BridgedConfig.Leader::tabPrefix).distinct().count();
-            if (distinctPrefixes > 1) {
-                log.warn("fleet.leaders declares {} different tabPrefix values; only '{}' is scanned "
-                                + "for. Give every lead the same tabPrefix, or leads under the others "
-                                + "will not be discovered.",
-                        distinctPrefixes, scan.tabPrefix());
-            }
+            Map<String, String> tabToName = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+            leaders.forEach((name, leader) -> {
+                if (leader != null && leader.tab() != null && !leader.tab().isBlank()) {
+                    tabToName.put(leader.tab(), name);
+                }
+            });
+            // One shared rescan cadence: still taken from the first entry, as before — it is an
+            // operational cadence, not identity, so there is no correctness reason to give every
+            // lead its own scanner.
+            int scanIntervalSeconds = leaders.values().iterator().next().scanIntervalSeconds();
+            leads = new LeadTabScanner(herdr, tabToName, memberSpaces,
+                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(scanIntervalSeconds), System::nanoTime);
+            log.info("lead scan: tabs {} host a lead (rescan every {}s, member spaces {} excluded)",
+                    tabToName.keySet(), scanIntervalSeconds, memberSpaces);
         } else {
             leads = () -> leadTerminals;
         }
@@ -253,7 +265,40 @@ public final class Bridged {
         // The blocking message endpoint (CB-104) is the producer; the poller is inert until then.
         // CB-106: a confirmed turn completion resolves a blocked send whose worker never replied.
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver completion = new CompletionResolver(agents, rendezvous);
+        // CB-578 stage A: classify a completion-fallback scrape that matches a profile's configured
+        // usage-limit refusal as BACKEND_EXHAUSTED rather than handing it back as a real answer.
+        // Compiled once at startup, keyed by profile name; a profile with no exhaustedPattern is
+        // simply absent here, so its workers keep today's completion-fallback behaviour unchanged.
+        Map<String, Pattern> exhaustedPatternsByProfile = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        cfg.profiles().forEach((name, profile) -> {
+            if (profile.hasExhaustedPattern()) {
+                exhaustedPatternsByProfile.put(name, Pattern.compile(profile.exhaustedPattern()));
+            }
+        });
+        ExhaustedPatternLookup exhaustedPatterns = target -> sessions.roster().stream()
+                .filter(session -> target.equals(session.terminalId()))
+                .findFirst()
+                .map(session -> exhaustedPatternsByProfile.get(session.profile()))
+                .orElse(null);
+        log.info("backend-exhausted classification (CB-578 stage A): {}",
+                CompletionResolver.coverage(cfg.profiles().keySet(), exhaustedPatternsByProfile.keySet()));
+        // CB-578 stage B: on a classification that actually wins, quarantine the exhausted profile's
+        // CREDENTIAL — not the profile name — so a profile sharing that credential (e.g. two models
+        // on one OpenAI account) is refused too, not just the one that happened to report it. Reads
+        // the profile config live off `config`, so a credentialId edit is hot: no restart needed.
+        ExhaustionSink exhaustionSink = (target, reason) -> sessions.roster().stream()
+                .filter(session -> target.equals(session.terminalId()))
+                .findFirst()
+                .map(MemberSession::profile)
+                .map(profileName -> config.get().profiles().get(profileName))
+                .ifPresent(profile -> {
+                    String credentialId = profile.effectiveCredentialId();
+                    quarantine.quarantine(credentialId);
+                    log.warn("credential '{}' quarantined for {}s (profile '{}' classified "
+                                    + "BACKEND_EXHAUSTED): {}", credentialId,
+                            cfg.quarantineCooldownSeconds(), profile.profile(), reason);
+                });
+        CompletionResolver completion = new CompletionResolver(agents, rendezvous, exhaustedPatterns, exhaustionSink);
         // CB-113: deliver only to an available worker (its MCP is connected), never its boot window.
         // CB-301: the manager's presence bridge records availability and drives SPAWNING → READY.
         MemberPresence presence = sessions.asPresence();
@@ -360,8 +405,10 @@ public final class Bridged {
         var healthScheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(r ->
                 Thread.ofVirtual().name("bridge-health-").unstarted(r));
         if (cfg.health() != null && cfg.health().isEnabled()) {
+            // CB-580: a member found GONE/NEVER_READY must fail whatever ticket is waiting on it,
+            // through the same idempotent target-wide operation CB-516 already uses on release.
             healthMonitor = new FleetHealthMonitor(agents, sessions::roster, messages, healthScheduler,
-                    System::nanoTime, cfg.health().intervalOrDefault());
+                    System::nanoTime, cfg.health().intervalOrDefault(), messages::abandon);
             String coverage = FleetHealthMonitor.coverage(true,
                     cfg.health().notifications() != null && cfg.health().notifications().configured());
             if ("detection-only".equals(coverage)) {
@@ -419,7 +466,11 @@ public final class Bridged {
                     var health = config.get().health();
                     return FleetHealthMonitor.coverage(health != null && health.isEnabled(),
                             health != null && health.notifications() != null && health.notifications().configured());
-                }));
+                }),
+                new BridgeMcp.QuarantineSource(profile -> {
+                    var configured = config.get().profiles().get(profile);
+                    return configured == null ? null : configured.effectiveCredentialId();
+                }, quarantine));
 
         // CB-559: opt-in config reload. With no `configReload:` block nothing is constructed, so an
         // upgraded daemon behaves exactly as before — the file is read once at boot and never again.

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/config/BridgedConfig.java

@@ -58,6 +58,12 @@ import java.util.Set;
  *                      {@code fixed} (default), {@code round-robin}, or {@code weighted}
  * @param auth          API authentication mode ({@code null} → {@code loopback-trust}, the
  *                      historical behaviour), CB-501
+ * @param quarantineCooldownSeconds  how long a credential stays quarantined after a
+ *                      {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED} classification (CB-578 stage B); {@code null}/{@code
+ *                      <=0} → {@link #DEFAULT_QUARANTINE_COOLDOWN_SECONDS}. Baked once into the
+ *                      {@code BackendQuarantine} built at startup, so it is DEFERRED: changing it
+ *                      needs a restart, and a quarantine already running keeps whatever cooldown was
+ *                      live when it started.
  */
 @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
 public record BridgedConfig(
@@ -76,7 +82,11 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
         Health health,
         String placement,
         Auth auth,
-        ConfigReload configReload) {
+        ConfigReload configReload,
+        Integer quarantineCooldownSeconds) {
+
+    /** Default cooldown (CB-578 stage B) when {@code quarantineCooldownSeconds} is absent/non-positive. */
+    public static final int DEFAULT_QUARANTINE_COOLDOWN_SECONDS = 1800;
 
     /** Back-compat 14-arg form — no {@code configReload:} block, so file watching stays off. */
     public BridgedConfig(Bind bind, String herdrSocket, Map<String, Profile> profiles, Guard guard,
@@ -84,7 +94,7 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                          Integer spawnReadyPollMs, Broker broker, Primary primary, Fleet fleet,
                          LeadHeartbeat leadHeartbeat, String placement, Auth auth) {
         this(bind, herdrSocket, profiles, guard, worktreeRoot, lifecycle, spawnReadyTimeoutMs,
-                spawnReadyPollMs, broker, primary, fleet, leadHeartbeat, null, placement, auth, null);
+                spawnReadyPollMs, broker, primary, fleet, leadHeartbeat, null, placement, auth, null, null);
     }
 
     /** Back-compat form before the optional {@code health:} block was added. */
@@ -93,7 +103,18 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                          Integer spawnReadyPollMs, Broker broker, Primary primary, Fleet fleet,
                          LeadHeartbeat leadHeartbeat, String placement, Auth auth, ConfigReload configReload) {
         this(bind, herdrSocket, profiles, guard, worktreeRoot, lifecycle, spawnReadyTimeoutMs,
-                spawnReadyPollMs, broker, primary, fleet, leadHeartbeat, null, placement, auth, configReload);
+                spawnReadyPollMs, broker, primary, fleet, leadHeartbeat, null, placement, auth, configReload, null);
+    }
+
+    /** Back-compat form before the CB-578 stage B {@code quarantineCooldownSeconds} field was added. */
+    public BridgedConfig(Bind bind, String herdrSocket, Map<String, Profile> profiles, Guard guard,
+                         String worktreeRoot, Lifecycle lifecycle, Integer spawnReadyTimeoutMs,
+                         Integer spawnReadyPollMs, Broker broker, Primary primary, Fleet fleet,
+                         LeadHeartbeat leadHeartbeat, Health health, String placement, Auth auth,
+                         ConfigReload configReload) {
+        this(bind, herdrSocket, profiles, guard, worktreeRoot, lifecycle, spawnReadyTimeoutMs,
+                spawnReadyPollMs, broker, primary, fleet, leadHeartbeat, health, placement, auth,
+                configReload, null);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -181,6 +202,23 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
      *                       opposite intents). For the same reason, an {@code env:} entry naming
      *                       {@code ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL} or {@code ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN} is refused at
      *                       config load (CB-542): on the subscription path no guard would vet it.
+     * @param exhaustedPattern  regex matched against a completion-fallback scrape (CB-578 stage A) to
+     *                       classify a turn that ended with no {@code bridge_reply} as the backend
+     *                       having refused on a subscription usage limit, rather than a real answer.
+     *                       {@code null}/blank ⇒ the classification never fires for this profile and
+     *                       today's completion-fallback behaviour is unchanged. Every backend words
+     *                       its refusal differently, so this is config, never a vendor string in code.
+     * @param credentialId   the shared account this profile authenticates as (CB-578 stage B). Two
+     *                       or more profiles setting the <em>same</em> non-blank value are quarantined
+     *                       together by one {@code exhaustedPattern} classification on any one of
+     *                       them — the case a single OpenAI (or any other) credential backing several
+     *                       profiles ({@code sol}, {@code terra}, ...) needs, so a spawn does not walk
+     *                       straight onto the other profile sharing the same exhausted account.
+     *                       {@code null}/blank ⇒ this profile's {@link #effectiveCredentialId()} is
+     *                       its own name, so it quarantines alone — today's behaviour for every
+     *                       profile that does not opt in. Read live off the current config, so it is
+     *                       HOT: a change takes effect on the next exhaustion classification / spawn,
+     *                       no restart needed.
      */
     @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
     public record Profile(String profile, String baseUrl, String model,
@@ -193,7 +231,9 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                          Map<String, String> env,
                          Float weight,
                          Integer maxLoad,
-                         Boolean subscription) {
+                         Boolean subscription,
+                         String exhaustedPattern,
+                         String credentialId) {
 
         /** Peer kind spawned by {@link dev.ltms.bridged.member.ClaudeCodeLauncher} (the default). */
         public static final String KIND_CLAUDE_CODE = "claude-code";
@@ -236,6 +276,13 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
             weight = (weight == null || weight <= 0.0f) ? 1.0f : weight;
             maxLoad = (maxLoad == null || maxLoad <= 0) ? null : maxLoad;
             subscription = (subscription != null && subscription) ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE;
+            // exhaustedPattern stays null when unset/blank (opt-in) — no defaulting, no vendor
+            // wording: an unconfigured profile keeps today's completion-fallback behaviour exactly.
+            exhaustedPattern = (exhaustedPattern == null || exhaustedPattern.isBlank()) ? null : exhaustedPattern;
+            // credentialId stays null when unset/blank — effectiveCredentialId() is where the
+            // "quarantines alone" fallback actually lives, so today's behaviour needs no defaulting
+            // here at all.
+            credentialId = (credentialId == null || credentialId.isBlank()) ? null : credentialId;
         }
 
         /**
@@ -248,7 +295,7 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                       String placement, String workspace, String tabLabel, String mcpUrl,
                       String cwd, List<String> parityOverlay) {
             this(profile, baseUrl, model, configDir, tokenEnv, argv, placement, workspace, tabLabel,
-                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
+                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -260,7 +307,7 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                       String placement, String workspace, String tabLabel, String mcpUrl,
                       String cwd, List<String> parityOverlay, String gitTokenEnv, String gitHostEnv) {
             this(profile, baseUrl, model, configDir, tokenEnv, argv, placement, workspace, tabLabel,
-                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, null, null, null, null, null);
+                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, null, null, null, null, null, null);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -273,13 +320,14 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                       String cwd, List<String> parityOverlay, String gitTokenEnv, String gitHostEnv,
                       String kind) {
             this(profile, baseUrl, model, configDir, tokenEnv, argv, placement, workspace, tabLabel,
-                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, null, null, null, null);
+                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, null, null, null, null, null);
         }
 
         /** A copy with {@code profile} set — used to default a profile to its {@code workers} key. */
         public Profile withProfile(String p) {
             return new Profile(p, baseUrl, model, configDir, tokenEnv, argv, placement, workspace, tabLabel,
-                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, env, weight, maxLoad, subscription);
+                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, env, weight, maxLoad, subscription,
+                    exhaustedPattern, credentialId);
         }
 
         /** True when this profile is served by the Claude Code adapter (the default kind). */
@@ -312,7 +360,39 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                       String cwd, List<String> parityOverlay, String gitTokenEnv, String gitHostEnv,
                       String kind, Map<String, String> env, Float weight, Integer maxLoad) {
             this(profile, baseUrl, model, configDir, tokenEnv, argv, placement, workspace, tabLabel,
-                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, env, weight, maxLoad, null);
+                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, env, weight, maxLoad, null, null);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Backward-compatible constructor without the CB-578 stage B {@code credentialId} — the
+         * profile quarantines alone under its own name (see {@link #effectiveCredentialId()}). Keeps
+         * pre-stage-B call sites (and any YAML that omits the key) compiling and behaving identically.
+         */
+        public Profile(String profile, String baseUrl, String model,
+                      String configDir, String tokenEnv, List<String> argv,
+                      String placement, String workspace, String tabLabel, String mcpUrl,
+                      String cwd, List<String> parityOverlay, String gitTokenEnv, String gitHostEnv,
+                      String kind, Map<String, String> env, Float weight, Integer maxLoad,
+                      Boolean subscription, String exhaustedPattern) {
+            this(profile, baseUrl, model, configDir, tokenEnv, argv, placement, workspace, tabLabel,
+                    mcpUrl, cwd, parityOverlay, gitTokenEnv, gitHostEnv, kind, env, weight, maxLoad,
+                    subscription, exhaustedPattern, null);
+        }
+
+        /** True when this profile's CB-578 stage A backend-exhausted classification is configured. */
+        public boolean hasExhaustedPattern() {
+            return exhaustedPattern != null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The credential group this profile quarantines with (CB-578 stage B): the configured
+         * {@link #credentialId} when set, else this profile's own name — so an unconfigured profile
+         * quarantines alone, exactly as it did before this field existed. Two profiles that set the
+         * same non-blank {@code credentialId} share one quarantine: a {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED}
+         * classification on either one quarantines both.
+         */
+        public String effectiveCredentialId() {
+            return (credentialId == null || credentialId.isBlank()) ? profile : credentialId;
         }
 
         /** True when this profile's workers are granted a forge token to open their own PR (CB-302). */
@@ -458,24 +538,32 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
      * pre-existed, which is why it had to be recognised by configuration rather than created. With
      * {@code profile} and {@code instances} the daemon may stand one up when none is live, so the
      * pane no longer has to exist before the daemon does. Recognition still comes first: a lead
-     * already running under {@code tabPrefix} is adopted, and only the shortfall is launched.
+     * already running in its configured {@code tab} is adopted, and only the shortfall is launched.
+     *
+     * <p><b>{@code tab} replaced {@code terminal} (CB-579).</b> A herdr {@code terminal_id} changes
+     * every time the lead's session restarts, so pinning one cost a config edit and a daemon restart
+     * per restart. A tab is stable: a human opens it once, it holds exactly one pane, and its label
+     * survives restarts of the agent inside it — so identity is now the tab label alone.
      *
      * @param profile             the {@code profiles:} entry to launch this lead on when one must
      *                            be created; {@code null} ⇒ recognise-only, never create
-     * @param terminal            the lead's herdr {@code terminal_id} when pinned by hand; the only
-     *                            field identity depends on. {@code null} ⇒ found by {@code tabPrefix}
+     * @param tab                 the exact tab label hosting this lead, matched case-insensitively;
+     *                            the only field identity depends on. Required — a lead with no
+     *                            {@code tab} can never be discovered, launched or not
      * @param instances           how many of this lead should be live (default 1). The daemon
      *                            launches only the shortfall, so a restart adopts rather than doubles
-     * @param tabPrefix           label prefix marking this lead's tab, matched case-insensitively;
-     *                            the remainder is the lead's name ({@code "lead: opus"} →
-     *                            {@code opus}). Default {@code "lead:"}
+     * @param tabPrefix           no longer used to find a lead's tab — {@code tab} is matched
+     *                            exactly. Its only remaining job is the startup collision guard
+     *                            ({@link #validateLeadTabPrefixes()}), which still uses it to refuse
+     *                            a worker {@code tabLabel} template that could be misread as a lead.
+     *                            Default {@code "lead:"}
      * @param scanIntervalSeconds how long a tab scan is cached before herdr is asked again; also the
      *                            worst case before a newly-labelled tab is recognised. Default 10
      * @param kind                which agent runs there ({@code claude}, {@code opencode}, …)
      * @param model               the model or selector it runs, for operators reading the roster
      */
     @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
-    public record Leader(String profile, String terminal, Integer instances, String tabPrefix,
+    public record Leader(String profile, String tab, Integer instances, String tabPrefix,
                          Integer scanIntervalSeconds, String kind, String model,
                          String workspace, String cwd) {
 
@@ -493,12 +581,13 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                     (scanIntervalSeconds == null || scanIntervalSeconds <= 0) ? 10 : scanIntervalSeconds;
             workspace = (workspace == null || workspace.isBlank())
                     ? DEFAULT_WORKSPACE : workspace.strip();
+            tab = (tab == null || tab.isBlank()) ? null : tab.strip();
         }
 
         /** Back-compat 7-arg form — no workspace or cwd, so both take their defaults. */
-        public Leader(String profile, String terminal, Integer instances, String tabPrefix,
+        public Leader(String profile, String tab, Integer instances, String tabPrefix,
                       Integer scanIntervalSeconds, String kind, String model) {
-            this(profile, terminal, instances, tabPrefix, scanIntervalSeconds, kind, model, null, null);
+            this(profile, tab, instances, tabPrefix, scanIntervalSeconds, kind, model, null, null);
         }
 
         /** True when this lead may be launched by the daemon rather than only recognised. */
@@ -506,9 +595,9 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
             return profile != null && !profile.isBlank() && instances > 0;
         }
 
-        /** The tab label an auto-launched instance of this lead gets — what the scanner reads back. */
-        public String tabLabel(String name) {
-            return tabPrefix + " " + name;
+        /** The tab label an auto-launched instance of this lead gets — its configured {@code tab}. */
+        public String tabLabel() {
+            return tab;
         }
     }
 
@@ -707,28 +796,20 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
     }
 
     /**
-     * The terminal → lead-name map that {@link dev.ltms.bridged.auth.CallerResolver} resolves
-     * against, merging the {@code leaders:} registry with the legacy singular {@code primary:} pin.
+     * The terminal → lead-name map seeded from the legacy singular {@code primary:} pin (CB-530).
      *
-     * <p>Precedence: an explicit {@code leaders:} entry wins over the {@code primary:} pin for the
-     * same terminal. The pin is the older, less expressive spelling of the same fact, so when both
-     * name a pane the named entry is the one an operator meant. The pin is still honoured on its
-     * own — a config carrying only {@code primary:} behaves exactly as it did before CB-530.
+     * <p>{@code fleet.leaders} no longer carries a per-entry terminal pin (CB-579): a lead's identity
+     * comes from its {@code tab} alone, resolved live by {@code LeadTabScanner}. This method now
+     * exists only for the {@code primary.terminal} fallback — a config that never migrated off it
+     * still resolves that one pane as a lead named {@code "primary"}, exactly as before CB-530.
      *
-     * @return an unmodifiable map, empty when neither block is configured (nothing is pinned, and
-     *         every pane therefore resolves as a worker — the pre-CB-307 behaviour)
+     * @return an unmodifiable map, empty when {@code primary.terminal} is not configured (nothing is
+     *         pinned, and every pane therefore resolves as a worker — the pre-CB-307 behaviour)
      */
     public Map<String, String> leaderTerminals() {
         Map<String, String> byTerminal = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-        if (fleet != null) {
-            fleet.leaders().forEach((name, leader) -> {
-                if (leader != null && leader.terminal() != null && !leader.terminal().isBlank()) {
-                    byTerminal.put(leader.terminal(), name);
-                }
-            });
-        }
         if (primary != null && primary.terminal() != null && !primary.terminal().isBlank()) {
-            byTerminal.putIfAbsent(primary.terminal(), "primary");
+            byTerminal.put(primary.terminal(), "primary");
         }
         return Collections.unmodifiableMap(byTerminal);
     }
@@ -833,13 +914,14 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
     private static final Set<String> KNOWN_TOP_LEVEL_KEYS = Set.of(
             "bind", "herdrSocket", "profiles", "guard", "worktreeRoot",
             "lifecycle", "spawnReadyTimeoutMs", "spawnReadyPollMs", "broker", "primary", "fleet",
-            "leadHeartbeat", "health", "placement", "auth", "configReload");
+            "leadHeartbeat", "health", "placement", "auth", "configReload", "quarantineCooldownSeconds");
 
     /** Load and validate config from {@code path}. */
     public static BridgedConfig load(Path path) {
         try {
             String yaml = Files.readString(path);
             rejectRenamedTopLevelKeys(yaml);
+            rejectLeaderTerminalKey(yaml);
             warnUnknownTopLevelKeys(yaml, path);
             rejectDuplicateMemberSlots(yaml);
             BridgedConfig cfg = YAML.readValue(yaml, BridgedConfig.class);
@@ -1064,6 +1146,43 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Reject a config whose {@code fleet.leaders.<name>} still carries the retired {@code terminal:}
+     * pin (CB-579), naming {@code tab:} as its replacement.
+     *
+     * <p>{@code Leader} is {@code @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)}, so simply dropping
+     * the record component would make a leftover {@code terminal:} key silently no-op — the daemon
+     * would start, the pin would never take effect, and nothing would say why. Fatal and specific
+     * instead, exactly like {@link #rejectRenamedTopLevelKeys}, which this mirrors for a key one
+     * level deeper than the ones that method covers.
+     *
+     * @param yaml the raw config text
+     * @throws IllegalStateException when any {@code fleet.leaders.<name>.terminal} key is present
+     */
+    static void rejectLeaderTerminalKey(String yaml) {
+        Map<?, ?> raw;
+        try {
+            raw = YAML.readValue(yaml, Map.class);
+        } catch (IOException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            return; // a malformed file is reported by the real parse, not here
+        }
+        if (raw == null || !(raw.get("fleet") instanceof Map<?, ?> fleet)
+                || !(fleet.get("leaders") instanceof Map<?, ?> leaders)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        List<String> bad = leaders.entrySet().stream()
+                .filter(e -> e.getValue() instanceof Map<?, ?> leader && leader.containsKey("terminal"))
+                .map(e -> String.valueOf(e.getKey()))
+                .sorted()
+                .toList();
+        if (!bad.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("refusing to start: fleet.leaders entries ["
+                    + String.join(", ", bad) + "] still use the retired 'terminal:' key — replace it "
+                    + "with 'tab:', the exact tab label hosting the lead. A terminal_id changes on "
+                    + "every restart of the lead's session; a tab label does not.");
+        }
+    }
+
     static List<String> unknownTopLevelKeys(String yaml) {
         Map<?, ?> raw;
         try {
@@ -1102,8 +1221,15 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
         // configReload is left as-is: null is "off", and ConfigReload's own compact constructor
         // defaults the fields of a block that IS present. Defaulting it here would start watching
         // the file for every config that never asked to be watched.
+        // quarantineCooldownSeconds IS defaulted, unlike leadHeartbeat/configReload above: it has no
+        // separate on/off switch of its own (BackendQuarantine only ever quarantines a credential
+        // after a BACKEND_EXHAUSTED classification, which stays opt-in via exhaustedPattern), so a
+        // config that never mentions it should still get a sane cooldown rather than a null one.
+        Integer quarantineCooldown = (quarantineCooldownSeconds != null && quarantineCooldownSeconds > 0)
+                ? quarantineCooldownSeconds : DEFAULT_QUARANTINE_COOLDOWN_SECONDS;
         return new BridgedConfig(b, herdrSocket, profiles, g, worktreeRoot, l, timeout, pollMs,
-                broker, primary, f, leadHeartbeat, health, placementOrDefault, a, configReload);
+                broker, primary, f, leadHeartbeat, health, placementOrDefault, a, configReload,
+                quarantineCooldown);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1313,10 +1439,9 @@ public record BridgedConfig(
                         + "', which is not a configured profiles: entry (have: " + profiles.keySet()
                         + ").");
             }
-            if (!leader.isCreatable() && (leader.terminal() == null || leader.terminal().isBlank())) {
-                bad.add("fleet.leaders." + name + " can neither be found nor created — it pins no "
-                        + "terminal: and names no profile: to launch one on. Give it one or the "
-                        + "other, or drop the entry.");
+            if (leader.tab() == null || leader.tab().isBlank()) {
+                bad.add("fleet.leaders." + name + " has no tab: — a lead is now found (and, if "
+                        + "auto-launched, labelled) purely by its tab, so every entry must name one.");
             }
         });
         if (!bad.isEmpty()) {

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/config/ConfigRef.java

@@ -30,13 +30,22 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier;
  *       {@code fleet:} (every role pool, {@code charters}, and {@code tabLabel}),
  *       {@code placement:}, and an existing profile's {@code weight} / {@code maxLoad}. Those
  *       three are read through a supplier on {@code CompositePeerLauncher}, which is what makes
- *       them hot — not the fact that they are config.</li>
+ *       them hot — not the fact that they are config. <strong>This does NOT include
+ *       {@code fleet.leaders}</strong>: {@code Bridged.main} reads {@code cfg.fleet().leaders()}
+ *       once at startup to build the {@code LeadTabScanner} and the {@code LeadLauncher}, and
+ *       neither is reconstructed on reload — so a lead added, removed, or re-{@code tab}'d under
+ *       {@code fleet.leaders} needs a restart, the same as any deferred key below.</li>
  *   <li><strong>Deferred</strong> — accepted into the new snapshot, but the wiring built at startup
  *       keeps the old value until a restart: {@code lifecycle:}, {@code leadHeartbeat:},
- *       {@code spawnReadyTimeoutMs} / {@code spawnReadyPollMs}, {@code guard:},
- *       {@code worktreeRoot:}, adding or removing a profile (a new backend needs its own launcher,
+ *       {@code spawnReadyTimeoutMs} / {@code spawnReadyPollMs}, {@code quarantineCooldownSeconds}
+ *       (CB-578 stage B — baked once into the {@code BackendQuarantine} built at startup),
+ *       {@code guard:}, {@code worktreeRoot:}, adding or removing a profile (a new backend needs its own launcher,
  *       which is constructed once), <em>and an existing profile's launch settings</em> —
- *       {@code model}, {@code baseUrl}, {@code argv}, {@code env}, {@code mcpUrl} and the rest.
+ *       {@code model}, {@code baseUrl}, {@code argv}, {@code env}, {@code mcpUrl},
+ *       {@code exhaustedPattern} (CB-578 stage A — compiled once into {@code Bridged.main}'s
+ *       pattern map at startup), and the rest. {@code credentialId} (CB-578 stage B) is NOT on
+ *       this list — it is read live off the config supplier at every quarantine check and
+ *       exhaustion event, exactly like {@code weight} / {@code maxLoad}, so it is hot instead.
  *       {@code HerdrPeerLauncher} takes {@code Map.copyOf(profiles)} at construction and resolves
  *       each spawn out of that copy, so those never reach a launch until the daemon restarts. A
  *       reload logs these rather than pretending they applied.</li>
@@ -211,6 +220,12 @@ public final class ConfigRef implements Supplier<BridgedConfig> {
                 || !Objects.equals(old.spawnReadyPollMs(), fresh.spawnReadyPollMs())) {
             changed.add("spawnReady*");
         }
+        // CB-578 stage B: baked once into the BackendQuarantine built at startup — a running
+        // quarantine keeps its original cooldown regardless, and a new cooldown only applies to a
+        // quarantine that starts after a restart.
+        if (!Objects.equals(old.quarantineCooldownSeconds(), fresh.quarantineCooldownSeconds())) {
+            changed.add("quarantineCooldownSeconds");
+        }
         Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> before =
                 old.profiles() == null ? Map.of() : old.profiles();
         Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> after =
@@ -246,8 +261,10 @@ public final class ConfigRef implements Supplier<BridgedConfig> {
 
     /**
      * Whether two versions of a profile would launch a peer identically. Compares every component
-     * the launcher reads at spawn; {@code weight} and {@code maxLoad} are excluded because those are
-     * read live by the placement policy and really do take effect on the next spawn.
+     * the launcher reads at spawn; {@code weight}, {@code maxLoad} and {@code credentialId} are
+     * excluded because those are read live (by the placement policy and, for credentialId, by
+     * {@code CompositePeerLauncher}/the CB-578 stage B exhaustion sink) and really do take effect on
+     * the next spawn.
      */
     private static boolean sameLaunchSettings(BridgedConfig.Profile a, BridgedConfig.Profile b) {
         return Objects.equals(a.baseUrl(), b.baseUrl())
@@ -265,6 +282,10 @@ public final class ConfigRef implements Supplier<BridgedConfig> {
                 && Objects.equals(a.gitHostEnv(), b.gitHostEnv())
                 && Objects.equals(a.kind(), b.kind())
                 && Objects.equals(a.env(), b.env())
-                && Objects.equals(a.subscription(), b.subscription());
+                && Objects.equals(a.subscription(), b.subscription())
+                // CB-578 stage B: exhaustedPattern is compiled once into Bridged.main's pattern map
+                // at startup (see ExhaustedPatternLookup wiring) — a reload never re-reads it, so a
+                // changed pattern must be reported as deferred, exactly like model/baseUrl/argv.
+                && Objects.equals(a.exhaustedPattern(), b.exhaustedPattern());
     }
 }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/health/FleetHealthMonitor.java

@@ -12,34 +12,50 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
 import java.util.function.LongSupplier;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 /** Slow whole-fleet evidence collection. It is deliberately separate from the delivery poller. */
 public final class FleetHealthMonitor {
     private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FleetHealthMonitor.class);
+
+    /** Bounded attempts to run {@link #failTarget} for one transition. Never retried tick-to-tick (CB-580). */
+    static final int MAX_FAIL_TARGET_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+
     private final AgentControl agents;
     private final Supplier<List<MemberSession>> roster;
     private final MessageService messages;
     private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;
     private final LongSupplier clock;
     private final long intervalSeconds;
+    private final BiConsumer<String, String> failTarget;
     private final Map<String, HealthPrior> priors = new HashMap<>();
     private final Map<String, HealthState> states = new HashMap<>();
 
     // These facts need the evidence publishers introduced by later M4 units. They are not negatives.
     private static final boolean NOT_YET_OBSERVED = false;
 
+    /**
+     * @param failTarget CB-568's idempotent target-wide failure operation (e.g. {@code messages::abandon}),
+     *                   invoked once when a member transitions into a terminal health state. Required —
+     *                   there is deliberately no defaulting overload; a caller that does not want the
+     *                   fail-tickets-on-terminal-health behavior must pass an explicit inert value (see
+     *                   {@code TestTurnTokens.inert} / {@code BridgeMcp.CapacitySource.none()} for the pattern).
+     */
     public FleetHealthMonitor(AgentControl agents, Supplier<List<MemberSession>> roster, MessageService messages,
-                              ScheduledExecutorService scheduler, LongSupplier clock, long intervalSeconds) {
+                              ScheduledExecutorService scheduler, LongSupplier clock, long intervalSeconds,
+                              BiConsumer<String, String> failTarget) {
         this.agents = agents;
         this.roster = roster;
         this.messages = messages;
         this.scheduler = scheduler;
         this.clock = clock;
         this.intervalSeconds = intervalSeconds;
+        this.failTarget = Objects.requireNonNull(failTarget, "failTarget");
     }
 
     /** Pure per-member decision seam. */
@@ -91,6 +107,34 @@ public final class FleetHealthMonitor {
         } else if (previous != null && fault(previous)) {
             log.info("fleet health member={} recovered state={} previous={}", target, next, previous);
         }
+        // CB-580: a member entering GONE/NEVER_READY must not leave its waiting tickets pending
+        // forever. Fire exactly once per transition — never on a tick where the state is unchanged,
+        // which is what made the rejected commit call abandon() once per tick for as long as a
+        // member stayed terminal.
+        if (terminal(next)) {
+            failTerminalTarget(target, next);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void failTerminalTarget(String target, HealthState state) {
+        String reason = "fleet health: member reached terminal state " + state.name();
+        RuntimeException last = null;
+        for (int attempt = 1; attempt <= MAX_FAIL_TARGET_ATTEMPTS; attempt++) {
+            try {
+                failTarget.accept(target, reason);
+                return;
+            } catch (RuntimeException error) {
+                last = error;
+                log.warn("fleet health: failTarget attempt {}/{} failed for member={} state={}",
+                        attempt, MAX_FAIL_TARGET_ATTEMPTS, target, state, error);
+            }
+        }
+        log.warn("fleet health: giving up on failTarget for member={} state={} after {} attempts",
+                target, state, MAX_FAIL_TARGET_ATTEMPTS, last);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean terminal(HealthState state) {
+        return state == HealthState.GONE || state == HealthState.NEVER_READY;
     }
 
     private static boolean fault(HealthState state) {

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/herdr/LeadTabScanner.java

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.LongSupplier;
@@ -23,6 +24,15 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier;
  * by first starting the session and asking it. Scanning closes that loop: label the tab, and the
  * pane is recognised on the next resolve.
  *
+ * <p><strong>CB-579 — matched by name, not prefix.</strong> This used to strip one shared
+ * {@code tabPrefix} off a label to derive the lead's name, and merged a config-supplied
+ * {@code terminal_id} pin over every scan result so the pin could never expire. Both are gone: each
+ * lead now configures its own exact {@code tab} label ({@code fleet.leaders.<name>.tab}), so this
+ * class is handed a {@code tab → name} map up front and matches labels against it exactly
+ * (case-insensitively). There is no merge step — a scan result is the whole answer. That is the
+ * fix for the bug this replaces: a {@code terminal_id} pin surviving in config after the pane it
+ * named was gone, so the daemon kept treating a dead session as a live lead forever.
+ *
  * <p><strong>Direction of trust.</strong> The label names the lead; it never <em>grants</em>
  * anything a pane could take for itself. Three properties keep that honest:
  * <ol>
@@ -48,7 +58,7 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier;
  * ever make a decision that <em>removes</em> something based on this map, add the same check.
  * The remaining hazard is an <em>operator</em> one — a worker {@code tabLabel} template that
  * happens to start with the same prefix would promote the whole fleet — and that is refused at
- * startup by {@code BridgedConfig.validateLeadScan} rather than documented here.
+ * startup by {@code BridgedConfig.validateLeadTabPrefixes} rather than documented here.
  *
  * <p><strong>Caching.</strong> {@link #get()} is on the request path (every resolve), so the scan
  * is TTL-cached and a stale-but-valid map is preferred to a herdr round-trip. A failed scan keeps
@@ -60,38 +70,46 @@ public final class LeadTabScanner implements Supplier<Map<String, String>> {
     private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LeadTabScanner.class);
 
     private final HerdrClient herdr;
-    private final String tabPrefix;
+    private final Map<String, String> tabToName;
     private final Set<String> excludedWorkspaceLabels;
-    private final Map<String, String> configuredLeads;
     private final long ttlNanos;
     private final LongSupplier clock;
 
-    private Map<String, String> cached;
+    private Map<String, String> cached = Map.of();
     private long scannedAtNanos;
     private boolean everScanned;
 
     /**
      * @param herdr                   the herdr client to query ({@code workspace.list},
      *                                {@code tab.list}, {@code pane.list} — all read-only)
-     * @param tabPrefix               a tab whose label starts with this (case-insensitively) hosts a
-     *                                lead; the rest of the label, trimmed, is the lead's name
+     * @param tabToName               every configured lead's exact tab label → its name
+     *                                ({@code fleet.leaders.<name>.tab}), matched case-insensitively
      * @param excludedWorkspaceLabels workspaces never scanned — the configured worker spaces
-     * @param configuredLeads         the static {@code leaders:}/{@code primary:} registry, merged
-     *                                over every scan result. Explicit config outranks the
-     *                                convention, and survives a scan that cannot run at all
      * @param ttlNanos                how long a scan result is reused before the next one
      * @param clock                   nanosecond time source ({@code System::nanoTime} in production)
      */
-    public LeadTabScanner(HerdrClient herdr, String tabPrefix, Set<String> excludedWorkspaceLabels,
-                          Map<String, String> configuredLeads, long ttlNanos, LongSupplier clock) {
+    public LeadTabScanner(HerdrClient herdr, Map<String, String> tabToName,
+                          Set<String> excludedWorkspaceLabels, long ttlNanos, LongSupplier clock) {
         this.herdr = herdr;
-        this.tabPrefix = tabPrefix == null || tabPrefix.isBlank() ? "lead:" : tabPrefix.strip();
+        this.tabToName = normalize(tabToName);
         this.excludedWorkspaceLabels = excludedWorkspaceLabels == null
                 ? Set.of() : Set.copyOf(excludedWorkspaceLabels);
-        this.configuredLeads = configuredLeads == null ? Map.of() : Map.copyOf(configuredLeads);
         this.ttlNanos = ttlNanos;
         this.clock = clock;
-        this.cached = this.configuredLeads;
+    }
+
+    /** Keys stripped and lower-cased once, so every lookup is a plain map hit. */
+    private static Map<String, String> normalize(Map<String, String> tabToName) {
+        if (tabToName == null || tabToName.isEmpty()) {
+            return Map.of();
+        }
+        Map<String, String> out = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        tabToName.forEach((tab, name) -> {
+            if (tab != null && !tab.isBlank() && name != null && !name.isBlank()) {
+                out.put(tab.strip().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT), name);
+            }
+        });
+        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(out);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -151,25 +169,20 @@ public final class LeadTabScanner implements Supplier<Map<String, String>> {
                 }
             }
         }
-        byTerminal.putAll(configuredLeads); // an explicit pin outranks a label
         return Collections.unmodifiableMap(byTerminal);
     }
 
     /**
-     * The lead name a tab label declares, or {@code null} if it declares none.
+     * The lead name a tab label declares, or {@code null} if it names none of the configured leads.
      *
-     * <p>{@code "lead: opus-5.0"} → {@code "opus-5.0"}. A bare {@code "lead:"} names nobody and is
-     * rejected: an unnamed lead would resolve as {@code PRIMARY} with nothing to attribute it to.
+     * <p>Exact match (case-insensitive, ends stripped) against {@link #tabToName} — no prefix
+     * stripping, so an operator's {@code "lead: something-else"} tab is never mistaken for a
+     * configured lead just because it shares a prefix.
      */
     private String leadNameOf(String label) {
         if (label == null) {
             return null;
         }
-        String l = label.strip();
-        if (!l.regionMatches(true, 0, tabPrefix, 0, tabPrefix.length())) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        String name = l.substring(tabPrefix.length()).strip();
-        return name.isEmpty() ? null : name;
+        return tabToName.get(label.strip().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
     }
 }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/inject/CompletionResolver.java

@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.TurnToken;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 /**
  * The CB-106 completion fallback: bridges the {@link Injector}'s turn-completion signal to the
@@ -61,6 +66,8 @@ public final class CompletionResolver implements TurnListener {
 
     private final AgentControl agents;
     private final Rendezvous rendezvous;
+    private final ExhaustedPatternLookup exhaustedPatterns;
+    private final ExhaustionSink exhaustionSink;
 
     /**
      * Per-target record of the turn currently in flight: the exact {@link Rendezvous} waiter its
@@ -78,9 +85,22 @@ public final class CompletionResolver implements TurnListener {
 
     private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, InFlight> inFlight = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
 
-    public CompletionResolver(AgentControl agents, Rendezvous rendezvous) {
+    /**
+     * @param exhaustedPatterns CB-578 stage A: per-target lookup for a profile's configured
+     *                          usage-limit refusal pattern. Required — there is deliberately no
+     *                          defaulting overload; a caller that does not want the classification
+     *                          must pass an explicit inert value ({@link ExhaustedPatternLookup#none()}).
+     * @param exhaustionSink    CB-578 stage B: notified when a {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED}
+     *                          classification actually resolves a waiter. Required for the same
+     *                          reason as {@code exhaustedPatterns} — pass {@link ExhaustionSink#none()}
+     *                          to opt out.
+     */
+    public CompletionResolver(AgentControl agents, Rendezvous rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup exhaustedPatterns,
+                              ExhaustionSink exhaustionSink) {
         this.agents = agents;
         this.rendezvous = rendezvous;
+        this.exhaustedPatterns = Objects.requireNonNull(exhaustedPatterns, "exhaustedPatterns");
+        this.exhaustionSink = Objects.requireNonNull(exhaustionSink, "exhaustionSink");
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -157,11 +177,12 @@ public final class CompletionResolver implements TurnListener {
             return;
         }
         String tail;
+        String assistantBlock = null;
         int originalLength = 0;
         boolean clipped = false;
         boolean scrapeFailed = false;
         try {
-            String assistantBlock = lastAssistantBlock(agents.read(target, SCRAPE_SOURCE));
+            assistantBlock = lastAssistantBlock(agents.read(target, SCRAPE_SOURCE));
             originalLength = assistantBlock.strip().length();
             clipped = originalLength > MAX_SCRAPE_CHARS;
             tail = clip(assistantBlock);
@@ -184,6 +205,25 @@ public final class CompletionResolver implements TurnListener {
                     target);
             return; // keep the in-flight record: a later genuine completion still needs it
         }
+        // CB-578 stage A: a turn that ended with no bridge_reply AND whose scrape matches the
+        // backend's configured usage-limit pattern is a refusal, not an answer. Classify it as
+        // BACKEND_EXHAUSTED rather than handing the caller a scrape that reads like a real reply.
+        if (!scrapeFailed) {
+            Pattern exhausted = exhaustedPatterns.patternFor(target);
+            String matchedLine = exhausted == null ? null : firstMatchingLine(assistantBlock, exhausted);
+            if (matchedLine != null) {
+                String reason = "backend exhausted (usage limit): " + matchedLine;
+                if (rendezvous.resolveExhausted(waiter, reason)) {
+                    inFlight.remove(target, turn);
+                    log.warn("completion for {} classified BACKEND_EXHAUSTED (no bridge_reply; scrape "
+                            + "matched the profile's exhausted pattern): {}", target, reason);
+                    // CB-578 stage B: only on the resolution that actually won the race — a late
+                    // duplicate must never quarantine a credential twice for one refusal.
+                    exhaustionSink.onExhausted(target, reason);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        }
         String completion = clipped ? tail + "\n" + CLIPPED_PANE_TAIL_MARKER : tail;
         if (rendezvous.resolveCompletion(waiter, completion)) {
             inFlight.remove(target, turn);
@@ -232,6 +272,45 @@ public final class CompletionResolver implements TurnListener {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * The first line of {@code text} matching {@code pattern}, stripped — the CB-578 stage A
+     * evidence carried in a {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED} reason so the operator sees the real refusal
+     * text, never a generic label. {@code null} if no line matches.
+     */
+    static String firstMatchingLine(String text, Pattern pattern) {
+        if (text == null || text.isEmpty()) return null;
+        for (String line : text.split("\n", -1)) {
+            if (pattern.matcher(line).find()) {
+                return line.strip();
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Coverage summary for the CB-578 stage A exhausted-pattern classification, logged at startup
+     * the way {@link dev.ltms.bridged.health.FleetHealthMonitor#coverage} is — so an operator can
+     * see whether the classification is on, and for which profiles, without reading every
+     * profile's config by hand.
+     *
+     * @param allProfiles        every configured profile name
+     * @param configuredProfiles the subset of {@code allProfiles} that carry an exhausted pattern
+     */
+    public static String coverage(Set<String> allProfiles, Set<String> configuredProfiles) {
+        if (configuredProfiles.isEmpty()) {
+            return "off (no profile has an exhaustedPattern configured; profiles: " + sorted(allProfiles) + ")";
+        }
+        Set<String> unconfigured = new TreeSet<>(allProfiles);
+        unconfigured.removeAll(configuredProfiles);
+        return unconfigured.isEmpty()
+                ? "full (all profiles configured: " + sorted(allProfiles) + ")"
+                : "partial (configured: " + sorted(configuredProfiles) + "; not configured: " + sorted(unconfigured) + ")";
+    }
+
+    private static List<String> sorted(Set<String> names) {
+        return names.stream().sorted().toList();
+    }
+
     private static String clip(String s) {
         if (s == null) return "";
         String trimmed = s.strip();

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/inject/ExhaustedPatternLookup.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package dev.ltms.bridged.inject;
+
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+/**
+ * Per-target lookup for a profile's configured usage-limit refusal pattern (CB-578 stage A): how
+ * {@link CompletionResolver} tells a backend that refused on a subscription usage limit — the
+ * worker's pane stays healthy, but the account is exhausted — apart from a genuine completion.
+ *
+ * <p>The pattern is always profile config, never a vendor string in Java source: every backend
+ * words its refusal differently, so a hardcoded sentence would only ever match one of them.
+ */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface ExhaustedPatternLookup {
+
+    /** The compiled pattern configured for {@code target}'s profile, or {@code null} if none. */
+    Pattern patternFor(String target);
+
+    /**
+     * Inert lookup — no profile has a pattern configured, so the classification never fires and
+     * the completion fallback behaves exactly as before CB-578 stage A. The explicit stand-in a
+     * caller (or a test not exercising this feature) passes instead of a defaulting overload.
+     */
+    static ExhaustedPatternLookup none() {
+        return target -> null;
+    }
+}

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/inject/ExhaustionSink.java

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package dev.ltms.bridged.inject;
+
+/**
+ * Notified when {@link CompletionResolver} actually delivers a {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED}
+ * classification to a waiting send (CB-578 stage B) — never on a race that lost (see
+ * {@link CompletionResolver#resolve}, which only calls this after
+ * {@code Rendezvous.resolveExhausted} returns {@code true}).
+ *
+ * <p>{@link CompletionResolver} knows only {@code target} (a herdr terminal id); it has no notion of
+ * profiles or credentials, so mapping {@code target} to whatever should be quarantined is entirely
+ * the sink's job — see {@code Bridged.main}'s wiring, which resolves target → session → profile →
+ * {@code effectiveCredentialId()} and calls {@code BackendQuarantine.quarantine} on it.
+ */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface ExhaustionSink {
+
+    /**
+     * @param target the herdr terminal id whose turn was classified {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED}
+     * @param reason the matched-line reason carried by the classification
+     */
+    void onExhausted(String target, String reason);
+
+    /**
+     * Inert sink — nothing happens on exhaustion. The explicit stand-in a caller (or a test not
+     * exercising this feature) passes instead of a defaulting overload, exactly like
+     * {@link ExhaustedPatternLookup#none()}.
+     */
+    static ExhaustionSink none() {
+        return (target, reason) -> { };
+    }
+}

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/lead/LeadLauncher.java

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
     /**
      * @param agents herdr agent control (start, list)
      * @param spaces workspace / tab control (ensure, create, label, list)
-     * @param cfg    the loaded config — {@code fleet.leaders}, {@code profiles} and the lead pins
+     * @param cfg    the loaded config — {@code fleet.leaders}, {@code profiles} and each lead's tab
      */
     public LeadLauncher(AgentControl agents, WorkspaceControl spaces, BridgedConfig cfg) {
         this.agents = agents;
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
                 continue;
             }
             if (!lead.isCreatable()) {
-                // A lead with a `terminal:` pin and no `profile:` is recognise-only by design: the
-                // operator opens it by hand. Say so once rather than looking like a silent failure.
+                // A lead with a `tab:` but no `profile:` is recognise-only by design: the operator
+                // opens it by hand. Say so once rather than looking like a silent failure.
                 log.info("lead '{}' is not live, and names no profile — it can be recognised but not "
                         + "launched. Add `profile:` under fleet.leaders.{} to have bridged start it.",
                         name, name);
@@ -127,18 +127,16 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
     }
 
     /**
-     * How many live leads exist per configured name.
+     * How many live leads exist per configured name: a running agent in a tab labelled with that
+     * lead's exact {@code tab} (CB-579). Member workspaces are excluded, exactly as the scanner
+     * excludes them: a member must not be counted as a lead because it happens to sit in a matching
+     * tab.
      *
-     * <p>Two independent pieces of evidence, because either alone double-spawns:
-     * <ul>
-     *   <li>a running agent in a tab labelled {@code "<tabPrefix> <name>"} — how an auto-launched
-     *       lead, or an operator following the labelling convention, is found;</li>
-     *   <li>a running agent on a terminal the config pins in {@code fleet.leaders.<name>.terminal} —
-     *       how a lead the operator opened and pinned by hand is found. Without this, a pinned lead
-     *       whose tab carries no matching label would be relaunched on every boot.</li>
-     * </ul>
-     * Member workspaces are excluded, exactly as the scanner excludes them: a member must not be
-     * counted as a lead because it happens to sit in a matching tab.
+     * <p>There used to be a second path here — a running agent on the terminal a
+     * {@code fleet.leaders.<name>.terminal} pin named, for a lead opened and pinned by hand. That
+     * pin is retired: {@code tab} is now the only field identity depends on, and {@link Agent}
+     * already carries {@link Agent#tabId()} directly, so a hand-opened lead is found the same way an
+     * auto-launched one is — by labelling its tab to match.
      */
     private Map<String, Integer> liveLeads(Map<String, BridgedConfig.Leader> leaders) {
         Set<String> memberSpaces = cfg.profiles().values().stream()
@@ -160,20 +158,9 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
             }
         }
 
-        // terminalId → the lead name the config pins it to.
-        Map<String, String> nameByPinnedTerminal = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-        leaders.forEach((name, lead) -> {
-            if (lead.terminal() != null && !lead.terminal().isBlank()) {
-                nameByPinnedTerminal.put(lead.terminal().strip(), name);
-            }
-        });
-
         Map<String, Integer> counts = new LinkedHashMap<>();
         for (Agent a : agents.list()) {
             String name = nameByTab.get(a.tabId());
-            if (name == null) {
-                name = nameByPinnedTerminal.get(a.terminalId());
-            }
             if (name != null) {
                 counts.merge(name, 1, Integer::sum);
             }
@@ -184,7 +171,7 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
     /**
      * The configured lead a tab label names, or {@code null} for a label that names none.
      *
-     * <p>Matched against the declared lead names rather than by splitting on the prefix, so an
+     * <p>Matched exactly (case-insensitively) against each lead's configured {@code tab}, so an
      * operator's {@code "lead: something-else"} tab is not mistaken for a configured lead.
      */
     private String leadNameOf(String label, Map<String, BridgedConfig.Leader> leaders) {
@@ -193,7 +180,8 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
         }
         String l = label.strip();
         for (Map.Entry<String, BridgedConfig.Leader> e : leaders.entrySet()) {
-            if (l.equalsIgnoreCase(e.getValue().tabLabel(e.getKey()).strip())) {
+            String tab = e.getValue().tabLabel();
+            if (tab != null && l.equalsIgnoreCase(tab.strip())) {
                 return e.getKey();
             }
         }
@@ -202,7 +190,7 @@ public final class LeadLauncher {
 
     /** Start one lead. Returns false (having logged) rather than throwing on any failure. */
     private boolean launch(String name, BridgedConfig.Leader lead, BridgedConfig.Profile profile) {
-        String label = lead.tabLabel(name);
+        String label = lead.tabLabel();
         String cwd = (lead.cwd() == null || lead.cwd().isBlank())
                 ? System.getProperty("user.dir") : lead.cwd();
 

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/mcp/BridgeMcp.java

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.HerdrException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.MessageService;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.Rendezvous;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerUnreachableException;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.BackendQuarantine;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.SessionManager;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.MemberSession;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.WorktreeRequest;
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 import java.util.function.LongSupplier;
@@ -78,6 +80,7 @@ public final class BridgeMcp {
     private final Metrics metrics;      // CB-502: null → auth failures not counted
     private final CapacitySource capacity;
     private final HealthCoverageSource healthCoverage;
+    private final QuarantineSource quarantine;
 
     /** Capacity facts used by {@code bridge_list}; production must supply the placement live count. */
     public record CapacitySource(Function<String, Integer> liveCount, Function<String, Integer> maxLoad,
@@ -90,17 +93,30 @@ public final class BridgeMcp {
     /** Coverage is supplied by the health wiring, not inferred from a missing dependency. */
     public record HealthCoverageSource(Supplier<String> value) { }
 
+    /**
+     * CB-578 stage B quarantine facts used by {@code bridge_profiles}: a profile → credential id
+     * lookup, plus the shared {@link BackendQuarantine} to read remaining cooldowns off.
+     */
+    public record QuarantineSource(Function<String, String> credentialIdFor, BackendQuarantine quarantine) {
+        /** Inert source — no profile is ever reported quarantined. Explicit stand-in, not a default. */
+        public static QuarantineSource none() { return new QuarantineSource(_ -> null, BackendQuarantine.none()); }
+    }
+
     /**
      * @param callers resolves each call's {@link Principal}; {@code null} disables authorization.
      *                This surface needs its own enforcement: {@code /mcp} is a raw servlet on
      *                Jetty's context handler and never passes through Javalin's {@code before}
      *                filter, so the REST guard does not cover it.
      * @param metrics registry for auth-failure counting; may be {@code null}
+     * @param quarantine CB-578 stage B facts for {@code bridge_profiles}; required — pass
+     *                   {@link QuarantineSource#none()} for a caller that does not want the feature
      */
     public BridgeMcp(MessageService messages, PeerLauncher workers, SessionManager sessions,
                      ConnectionIdentity identity, MemberPresence presence, PrimaryRegistry primaryRegistry,
-                      CallerResolver callers, Metrics metrics, CapacitySource capacity, HealthCoverageSource healthCoverage) {
+                      CallerResolver callers, Metrics metrics, CapacitySource capacity, HealthCoverageSource healthCoverage,
+                      QuarantineSource quarantine) {
         this.capacity = capacity;
+        this.quarantine = Objects.requireNonNull(quarantine, "quarantine");
         this.healthCoverage = healthCoverage;
         McpJsonMapper json = new JacksonMcpJsonMapperSupplier().get();
         this.transport = HttpServletStreamableServerTransportProvider.builder()
@@ -228,7 +244,7 @@ public final class BridgeMcp {
                 .toolCall(profilesTool(), (exchange, _) -> {
                     McpSchema.CallToolResult denied = deny(exchange, Authz.Action.READ, null);
                     if (denied != null) return denied;
-                    return profiles(workers);
+                    return profiles(workers, quarantine);
                 })
                 .toolCall(whoamiTool(), (exchange, _) -> {
                     McpSchema.CallToolResult denied = deny(exchange, Authz.Action.READ, null);
@@ -458,6 +474,11 @@ public final class BridgeMcp {
                     "[worker finished without a structured bridge_reply — transcript tail follows]\n" + r.text());
             // The worker ran the turn then wedged (CB-109) — surface the error context.
             case WORKER_FAILED -> text("[worker failed — turn ended in an unrecoverable state]\n" + r.text());
+            // The backend refused on a subscription usage limit (CB-578 stage A) — the worker's
+            // pane stayed healthy, but its account is exhausted. Distinct from WORKER_FAILED so the
+            // primary gets the real cause, not a generic wedge.
+            case BACKEND_EXHAUSTED -> text("[backend exhausted — the worker's account refused on a "
+                    + "usage limit]\n" + r.text());
             // The worker paused mid-turn to ask (CB-205) — tell the primary how to answer in-turn.
             case QUESTION -> text("[question] the worker paused to ask before it can finish:\n" + r.text()
                     + "\n\nAnswer it by calling bridge_send again with turnId=\"" + r.turnId()
@@ -701,11 +722,33 @@ public final class BridgeMcp {
         return null;
     }
 
-    /** {@code bridge_profiles}: the configured worker profiles and the default. */
-    static McpSchema.CallToolResult profiles(PeerLauncher workers) {
-        return text(json(Map.of(
-                "profiles", workers.profiles(),
-                "default", workers.defaultProfile() == null ? "" : workers.defaultProfile())));
+    /**
+     * {@code bridge_profiles}: the configured worker profiles, the default, and — CB-578 stage B —
+     * which of them are currently quarantined (backend exhausted) and for how much longer. The
+     * {@code quarantined} key is present only when at least one profile is, so a fleet where nothing
+     * has ever been quarantined gets exactly the pre-stage-B shape.
+     */
+    static McpSchema.CallToolResult profiles(PeerLauncher workers, QuarantineSource quarantine) {
+        Map<String, Object> result = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        result.put("profiles", workers.profiles());
+        result.put("default", workers.defaultProfile() == null ? "" : workers.defaultProfile());
+        Map<String, Object> quarantined = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        for (String profile : workers.profiles()) {
+            String credentialId = quarantine.credentialIdFor().apply(profile);
+            if (credentialId == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            quarantine.quarantine().remainingSeconds(credentialId).ifPresent(remaining -> {
+                Map<String, Object> row = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+                row.put("credentialId", credentialId);
+                row.put("quarantinedForSeconds", remaining);
+                quarantined.put(profile, row);
+            });
+        }
+        if (!quarantined.isEmpty()) {
+            result.put("quarantined", quarantined);
+        }
+        return text(json(result));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -935,7 +978,10 @@ public final class BridgeMcp {
 
     private static McpSchema.Tool profilesTool() {
         return tool("bridge_profiles",
-                "List the configured worker profiles (backends) and which one bridge_spawn uses by default.",
+                "List the configured worker profiles (backends) and which one bridge_spawn uses by "
+                        + "default. A 'quarantined' map is present when a backend-exhausted refusal put "
+                        + "a profile's credential on cooldown — bridge_spawn onto it is refused until "
+                        + "quarantinedForSeconds elapses; a profile sharing that credential is listed too.",
                 objectSchema(Map.of(), List.of()));
     }
 

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/CompositePeerLauncher.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerHandle;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerUnreachableException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.SpawnRequest;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.BackendQuarantine;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.PlacementCandidate;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.PlacementContext;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.PlacementException;
@@ -23,10 +24,12 @@ import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 /**
  * The {@link PeerLauncher} the core actually holds when more than one adapter is configured — a thin
@@ -78,6 +81,9 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
     private final Supplier<Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile>> profileConfigs;
     private final Supplier<PlacementPolicy> placementPolicy;
 
+    /** CB-578 stage B: credential cooldown, checked before an explicit spawn and filtered into placement. */
+    private final BackendQuarantine quarantine;
+
     /**
      * CB-557: the role pools an unqualified spawn draws its candidates from. A supplier that yields
      * {@code null}, and an empty pool for a role, both fall back to every configured profile — the
@@ -99,7 +105,10 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Production constructor with a placement policy and live-worker counter.
+     * Production constructor with a placement policy and live-worker counter. Quarantine (CB-578
+     * stage B) is off for this constructor — {@link BackendQuarantine#none()} — since it predates
+     * the feature and existing callers of this exact overload never exercised it; use the 7-arg
+     * overload below to wire a real {@link BackendQuarantine}.
      *
      * @param delegates      one adapter per configured peer kind; must be non-empty and declare
      *                       disjoint profile-name sets
@@ -113,13 +122,14 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
                                  Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> profileConfigs,
                                  PlacementPolicy placementPolicy,
                                  Function<String, Integer> liveCount) {
-        this(delegates, defaultProfile, profileConfigs, placementPolicy, liveCount, null);
+        this(delegates, defaultProfile, profileConfigs, placementPolicy, liveCount, null, BackendQuarantine.none());
     }
 
     /**
      * Production constructor with role pools (CB-557). An unqualified spawn draws its candidates from
      * {@code fleet.<role>} instead of from every configured profile, so a reviewer is placed on a
-     * reviewer backend and never on, say, the architect-only one.
+     * reviewer backend and never on, say, the architect-only one. Quarantine is off for this
+     * constructor too, for the same reason as the 5-arg overload above.
      *
      * @param fleet the configured role pools; {@code null} ⇒ every profile is a candidate for every
      *              role, which is the pre-CB-557 behaviour
@@ -130,29 +140,50 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
                                  PlacementPolicy placementPolicy,
                                  Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
                                  BridgedConfig.Fleet fleet) {
+        this(delegates, defaultProfile, profileConfigs, placementPolicy, liveCount, fleet, BackendQuarantine.none());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Production constructor with role pools and quarantine (CB-578 stage B). The full-featured
+     * non-reloading form; {@link #CompositePeerLauncher(List, String, Supplier, Function, BackendQuarantine)}
+     * is what {@code Bridged.main} actually wires up.
+     *
+     * @param quarantine required — pass {@link BackendQuarantine#none()} for a caller that does not
+     *                   want the feature, never a defaulting overload (CB-578 stage B's own rule).
+     */
+    public CompositePeerLauncher(List<HerdrPeerLauncher> delegates,
+                                 String defaultProfile,
+                                 Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> profileConfigs,
+                                 PlacementPolicy placementPolicy,
+                                 Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
+                                 BridgedConfig.Fleet fleet,
+                                 BackendQuarantine quarantine) {
         // LinkedHashMap, not Map.copyOf: candidates() promises definition order and the weighted
         // policy breaks exact-weight ties on it, so a salted iteration order would make placement
         // differ from one JVM run to the next.
         this(delegates, defaultProfile,
                 constant(Collections.unmodifiableMap(new LinkedHashMap<>(profileConfigs))),
-                constant(placementPolicy), liveCount, constant(fleet));
+                constant(placementPolicy), liveCount, constant(fleet), quarantine);
     }
 
     /**
      * Production constructor that re-reads its placement inputs per spawn (CB-559), so a config
      * reload retargets the next member without a restart.
      *
-     * @param config the live configuration — read at every spawn, never captured
+     * @param config     the live configuration — read at every spawn, never captured
+     * @param quarantine required — CB-578 stage B; pass {@link BackendQuarantine#none()} to opt out
      */
     public CompositePeerLauncher(List<HerdrPeerLauncher> delegates,
                                  String defaultProfile,
                                  Supplier<BridgedConfig> config,
-                                 Function<String, Integer> liveCount) {
+                                 Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
+                                 BackendQuarantine quarantine) {
         this(delegates, defaultProfile,
                 () -> config.get().profiles(),
                 () -> PlacementPolicies.fromName(config.get().placement()),
                 liveCount,
-                () -> config.get().fleet());
+                () -> config.get().fleet(),
+                quarantine);
     }
 
     /** The all-suppliers form every other constructor funnels into. */
@@ -161,8 +192,10 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
                                   Supplier<Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile>> profileConfigs,
                                   Supplier<PlacementPolicy> placementPolicy,
                                   Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
-                                  Supplier<BridgedConfig.Fleet> fleet) {
+                                  Supplier<BridgedConfig.Fleet> fleet,
+                                  BackendQuarantine quarantine) {
         this.fleet = fleet;
+        this.quarantine = Objects.requireNonNull(quarantine, "quarantine");
         if (delegates.isEmpty()) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("at least one peer adapter must be configured");
         }
@@ -225,6 +258,7 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
             // the charter makes explicit-profile spawns the normal path — so skipping the check
             // here would leave the cap dead config in real operation.
             HerdrPeerLauncher d = route(requestedProfile);
+            enforceNotQuarantined(requestedProfile);
             enforceMaxLoad(requestedProfile);
             PeerHandle handle = d.spawn(req);
             spawnedBy.put(handle.id(), d);
@@ -238,7 +272,10 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
         List<PlacementCandidate> candidates = candidates(req.role());
         String roleDefault = defaultProfileFor(req.role());
         Set<String> unreachable = new HashSet<>();
-        PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext(roleDefault, candidates, liveCount, unreachable);
+        // CB-578 stage B: computed once up front — a quarantine's expiry cannot pass within one spawn
+        // call, so re-deriving it per retry would only cost work, never change the answer.
+        Set<String> quarantined = quarantinedProfiles(candidates);
+        PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext(roleDefault, candidates, liveCount, unreachable, quarantined);
 
         int maxAttempts = candidates.isEmpty() ? 1 : candidates.size();
         for (int attempt = 0; attempt < maxAttempts; attempt++) {
@@ -268,7 +305,7 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
                         chosen.profile(), e.getMessage());
                 unreachable.add(chosen.profile());
                 // Update the context for the next selection so the policy excludes this profile.
-                ctx = new PlacementContext(roleDefault, candidates, liveCount, unreachable);
+                ctx = new PlacementContext(roleDefault, candidates, liveCount, unreachable, quarantined);
             }
         }
 
@@ -298,6 +335,42 @@ public final class CompositePeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
      * @param profile the profile the caller explicitly named
      * @throws PlacementException when the profile is at capacity
      */
+    /**
+     * Refuse an explicit-profile spawn whose credential is quarantined (CB-578 stage B): a prior
+     * {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED} classification on this profile, or on another profile sharing its
+     * {@code credentialId}, is still on cooldown.
+     *
+     * <p>Checked before {@link #enforceMaxLoad}, and for the same reason that check exists: an
+     * explicit profile bypasses the placement policy's filtering entirely, so without this the cap
+     * (there, quarantine here) would be dead config on the very path the charter calls normal.
+     * Deliberately no fallback to another profile, matching {@link #enforceMaxLoad}'s own reasoning —
+     * the caller named this profile for a cost/model reason.
+     *
+     * @throws PlacementException naming the profile, its credential, and the remaining cooldown
+     */
+    private void enforceNotQuarantined(String profile) {
+        String credentialId = credentialIdFor(profile);
+        quarantine.remainingSeconds(credentialId).ifPresent(remaining -> {
+            throw new PlacementException("worker profile '" + profile + "' is quarantined "
+                    + "(credential '" + credentialId + "' exhausted; ~" + remaining
+                    + "s remaining) — refusing spawn");
+        });
+    }
+
+    /** {@code profile}'s credential group (CB-578 stage B), or the profile's own name if unconfigured. */
+    private String credentialIdFor(String profile) {
+        BridgedConfig.Profile cfg = profiles0().get(profile);
+        return cfg == null ? profile : cfg.effectiveCredentialId();
+    }
+
+    /** The subset of {@code candidates} whose credential is currently quarantined (CB-578 stage B). */
+    private Set<String> quarantinedProfiles(List<PlacementCandidate> candidates) {
+        return candidates.stream()
+                .map(PlacementCandidate::profile)
+                .filter(p -> quarantine.isQuarantined(credentialIdFor(p)))
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+    }
+
     private void enforceMaxLoad(String profile) {
         // Absent config, or a config whose maxLoad normalized to null (non-positive ⇒ unlimited at
         // load), means no cap — never cap what wasn't configured.

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/HerdrPeerLauncher.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.HerdrException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.Tab;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.Workspace;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.MemberRole;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerHandle;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerLauncher;
@@ -269,8 +270,11 @@ public abstract class HerdrPeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
 
     // --- spawn ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    /** A started peer plus the launch's agent-session id (the resume handle, or null). */
-    private record Spawned(Agent agent, String agentSessionId) {
+    /**
+     * A started peer plus the launch's agent-session id (the resume handle, or null) and the
+     * charter receipt (CB-571) the base composed for it.
+     */
+    private record Spawned(Agent agent, String agentSessionId, CharterReceipt receipt) {
     }
 
     /**
@@ -305,12 +309,41 @@ public abstract class HerdrPeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
         String replyCharter = cfg.hasMcp() ? REPLY_CHARTER : null;
         String charter = roleCharter == null ? replyCharter
                 : replyCharter == null ? roleCharter : roleCharter + "\n\n" + replyCharter;
-        Launch launch = buildLaunch(cfg, new LaunchSpec(sessionName, resumeSessionId, role, charter));
-        String cwd = resolveCwd(requestedCwd, cfg, callerCwd);
-        Agent agent = cfg.tabPlacement()
-                ? spawnInTab(cfg, launch.env(), launch.argv(), cwd, role, liveFleet)
-                : spawnAsPane(cfg, launch.env(), launch.argv(), cwd);
-        return new Spawned(agent, launch.agentSessionId());
+        // CB-571: fingerprint the exact composed charter bytes once, here in the base, before the
+        // string leaves for an adapter — so Claude and OpenCode derive the same digest. A failed
+        // start has no bridge_spawn result and no roster row, so the failure log below is the only
+        // surface the byte count can appear on. The charter text itself is never logged.
+        CharterReceipt receipt = CharterReceipt.compose(role, cfg.profile(), roleCharter, charter);
+        try {
+            Launch launch = buildLaunch(cfg, new LaunchSpec(sessionName, resumeSessionId, role, charter));
+            String cwd = resolveCwd(requestedCwd, cfg, callerCwd);
+            Agent agent = cfg.tabPlacement()
+                    ? spawnInTab(cfg, launch.env(), launch.argv(), cwd, role, liveFleet)
+                    : spawnAsPane(cfg, launch.env(), launch.argv(), cwd, charter);
+            logCharterReceipt(receipt, true);
+            return new Spawned(agent, launch.agentSessionId(), receipt);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            logCharterReceipt(receipt, false);
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The one place the charter's size and digest appear in the logs. {@code success} true after a
+     * start, false from the failure path of {@link #spawnInternal} where no handle or roster row
+     * exists to carry the receipt. Always metadata only — never the charter text.
+     */
+    private static void logCharterReceipt(CharterReceipt receipt, boolean success) {
+        String role = receipt.role() == null ? "" : receipt.role().wireName();
+        if (success) {
+            log.info("spawned role={} profile={} charterSource={} charterSha256={} charterBytes={}",
+                    role, receipt.profile(), receipt.charterSource(),
+                    receipt.charterSha256(), receipt.charterBytes());
+        } else {
+            log.warn("spawn failed; charter role={} profile={} charterSource={} charterSha256={} charterBytes={}",
+                    role, receipt.profile(), receipt.charterSource(),
+                    receipt.charterSha256(), receipt.charterBytes());
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -349,7 +382,7 @@ public abstract class HerdrPeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
         String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
         paneByAgentId.put(id, paneId);
         return new WorkerHandle(id, agent.terminalId(), requireProfile(req.profileName()).profile(),
-                req.sessionName(), spawned.agentSessionId());
+                req.sessionName(), spawned.agentSessionId(), spawned.receipt());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -433,11 +466,19 @@ public abstract class HerdrPeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
         }
     }
 
-    /** Legacy placement: split the currently-focused tab; the peer still starts in {@code cwd}. */
+    /**
+     * Legacy placement: split the currently-focused tab; the peer still starts in {@code cwd}.
+     *
+     * <p>CB-571: this is the one legacy log that printed the full argv, and the charter travels
+     * inside argv — so the charter text went to the daemon log on every pane-placement spawn. The
+     * {@code spawnInTab} path never logs argv, so only this site is fixed. {@code charter} is the
+     * composed charter, if any; its argv element is replaced by its digest so the log still shows
+     * which args were passed without exposing the charter prose.
+     */
     private Agent spawnAsPane(BridgedConfig.Profile cfg, Map<String, String> workerEnv,
-                              List<String> argv, String cwd) {
+                              List<String> argv, String cwd, String charter) {
         log.info("spawning {} (pane placement) profile={} cwd={} argv={}",
-                namePrefix, cfg.profile(), cwd, argv);
+                namePrefix, cfg.profile(), cwd, redactCharter(argv, charter));
         String paneId = spaces.splitPane(cwd, workerEnv);
         if (paneId == null) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("pane.split returned no pane — cannot start a peer");
@@ -447,6 +488,21 @@ public abstract class HerdrPeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
         return peer;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * A copy of {@code argv} with an element equal to {@code charter} replaced by its digest, so
+     * the pane log never prints the charter prose. The charter is handed to an adapter as one argv
+     * element, so exact-equality is the right match; every other argument passes through unchanged.
+     */
+    private static List<String> redactCharter(List<String> argv, String charter) {
+        if (charter == null || charter.isBlank() || argv == null || argv.isEmpty()) {
+            return argv;
+        }
+        String digest = CharterReceipt.digestOf(charter);
+        return argv.stream()
+                .map(a -> a.equals(charter) ? "<charter sha256=" + digest + ">" : a)
+                .toList();
+    }
+
     /** A started peer together with the sequence its unique name/label used. */
     private record Started(Agent agent, long seq) {
     }
@@ -651,11 +707,18 @@ public abstract class HerdrPeerLauncher implements PeerLauncher {
 
     /**
      * A concrete {@link PeerHandle} wrapping herdr agent coordinates, the profile that spawned it,
-     * and the session identity the launch resolved (CB-547a): the bridge's logical name and the
-     * peer's own session id, both null when the spawn carried no identity.
+     * the session identity the launch resolved (CB-547a): the bridge's logical name and the peer's
+     * own session id, both null when the spawn carried no identity — and the charter receipt
+     * (CB-571) the base computed for this launch.
      */
     private record WorkerHandle(String id, String terminalId, String profile,
-                                String sessionName, String agentSessionId) implements PeerHandle {
+                                String sessionName, String agentSessionId,
+                                CharterReceipt receipt) implements PeerHandle {
+
+        @Override
+        public CharterReceipt charterReceipt() {
+            return receipt;
+        }
     }
 
     // --- shared helpers ------------------------------------------------------------------------

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/OpenCodeLauncher.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.Agent;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.AgentControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.Capability;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerHandle;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.SpawnRequest;
 
@@ -406,6 +407,11 @@ public final class OpenCodeLauncher extends HerdrPeerLauncher {
             // appeared).
             return discovery.sessionIdForDirectory(cwd);
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public CharterReceipt charterReceipt() {
+            return delegate.charterReceipt();
+        }
     }
 
     // --- Agent-returning convenience spawns (used by callers/tests that want the herdr Agent) ---

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/msg/MessageService.java

@@ -69,6 +69,14 @@ public final class MessageService {
          * failure context (e.g. the error screen). Terminal, but not a successful completion.
          */
         WORKER_FAILED,
+        /**
+         * The turn finished without a {@code bridge_reply} and the scrape matched the backend's
+         * configured usage-limit refusal pattern (CB-578 stage A); {@code text} is the reason,
+         * carrying the matched line. The worker's pane is healthy — only its account is refusing —
+         * so this is never reported as a completed reply, and is kept distinct from
+         * {@link #WORKER_FAILED} (a wedged worker) and a session simply going {@code GONE}.
+         */
+        BACKEND_EXHAUSTED,
         /**
          * The worker paused mid-turn to ask the primary a question (CB-205); {@code text} is the
          * question and {@code turnId} correlates the answer. Not terminal — the primary answers with
@@ -280,6 +288,7 @@ public final class MessageService {
             case COMPLETED_UNREPLIED -> "completion_fallback";
             case TIMED_OUT_WORKING, TIMED_OUT_QUEUED, BUSY -> "timeout";
             case WORKER_FAILED -> "failed";
+            case BACKEND_EXHAUSTED -> "backend_exhausted";
             case STALE_TURN, QUESTION -> null; // not a completed delegation
         };
     }
@@ -591,9 +600,11 @@ public final class MessageService {
             String source = r.outcome() == Outcome.REPLIED ? "reply" : "transcript";
             return new TaskView(ticket, Phase.DONE, r.text(), source, null, null);
         }
-        // A wedged worker (CB-109) carries the error context as its reason; the timeout/busy
-        // outcomes carry none, so fall back to the outcome name.
-        String detail = r.outcome() == Outcome.WORKER_FAILED && r.text() != null
+        // A wedged worker (CB-109) or a backend-exhausted classification (CB-578 stage A) carries
+        // the real cause as its reason; the timeout/busy outcomes carry none, so fall back to the
+        // outcome name.
+        boolean carriesReason = r.outcome() == Outcome.WORKER_FAILED || r.outcome() == Outcome.BACKEND_EXHAUSTED;
+        String detail = carriesReason && r.text() != null
                 ? r.text()
                 : "no reply — " + r.outcome().name().toLowerCase();
         return new TaskView(ticket, Phase.FAILED, null, null, detail, null);
@@ -669,6 +680,7 @@ public final class MessageService {
             case REPLY -> Outcome.REPLIED;
             case COMPLETION -> Outcome.COMPLETED_UNREPLIED;
             case FAILED -> Outcome.WORKER_FAILED;
+            case BACKEND_EXHAUSTED -> Outcome.BACKEND_EXHAUSTED;
             case QUESTION -> Outcome.QUESTION;
         };
     }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/msg/Rendezvous.java

@@ -33,6 +33,13 @@ public final class Rendezvous {
         COMPLETION,
         /** The worker ran the turn then wedged (CB-109); {@code text} is the failure context. */
         FAILED,
+        /**
+         * The turn finished without a {@code bridge_reply}, and the scrape matched the backend's
+         * configured usage-limit refusal pattern (CB-578 stage A); {@code text} is the reason,
+         * carrying the matched line. The pane is healthy — only the account is refusing — so this
+         * is kept separate from a session simply going {@code GONE}.
+         */
+        BACKEND_EXHAUSTED,
         /**
          * The worker paused mid-turn to ask the primary a question (CB-205 reverse rendezvous);
          * {@code text} is the question and {@code turnId} correlates the primary's answer back to
@@ -224,6 +231,19 @@ public final class Rendezvous {
         return waiter != null && waiter.complete(new Resolution(Kind.FAILED, reason));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Resolve a specific captured {@code waiter} as {@link Kind#BACKEND_EXHAUSTED} (CB-578 stage A):
+     * the turn finished with no {@code bridge_reply} and the scrape matched the backend's configured
+     * usage-limit pattern; {@code reason} carries the matched line. Like
+     * {@link #resolveCompletion(CompletableFuture, String)} it targets the exact captured send
+     * (CB-116). A no-op if that waiter was already resolved — first resolution wins.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if this call resolved the waiter, {@code false} if it was null or already resolved
+     */
+    public boolean resolveExhausted(CompletableFuture<Resolution> waiter, String reason) {
+        return waiter != null && waiter.complete(new Resolution(Kind.BACKEND_EXHAUSTED, reason));
+    }
+
     private boolean complete(String session, Resolution resolution) {
         CompletableFuture<Resolution> waiter = waiters.get(session);
         return waiter != null && waiter.complete(resolution);

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/peer/CharterReceipt.java

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package dev.ltms.bridged.peer;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.HexFormat;
+
+/**
+ * CB-571: a fingerprint of the exact charter bytes handed to a spawned member.
+ *
+ * <p>Lets an operator prove <em>which</em> charter a member actually got, without ever logging the
+ * charter text. The digest covers the exact composed UTF-8 string {@code HerdrPeerLauncher} passes
+ * to its adapter as {@code LaunchSpec.charter()}, so every adapter that receives the same string —
+ * Claude inlining it, OpenCode writing it to a file — produces the same digest for the same config.
+ * Two spawns of the same role from the same config agree; editing the charter changes the digest.
+ *
+ * <p>Deliberately places no charter prose. A charter is operator-authored text that may name
+ * internal projects or unreleased plans, and logs get tailed, shipped, and pasted into tickets.
+ * The {@code charterSource} key is what the operator wants to confirm, and it carries no content.
+ */
+public record CharterReceipt(
+        MemberRole role,
+        String profile,
+        String charterSource,
+        String charterSha256,
+        int charterBytes) {
+
+    /** Source reported when the role has no configured charter, so the field is never omitted. */
+    public static final String NO_SOURCE = "none";
+
+    /**
+     * The config key that supplied the role's charter text, e.g. {@code fleet.charters.architect}.
+     */
+    public static String sourceKey(MemberRole role) {
+        return "fleet.charters." + (role == null ? "?" : role.wireName());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fingerprint the composed charter for {@code role} on {@code profile}. {@code configured} is
+     * the role's charter text as read from config ({@code null} when none is configured);
+     * {@code composed} is the exact string the launcher will pass to the adapter — the reply
+     * charter may be appended to {@code configured}, or stand alone when no role charter exists.
+     *
+     * <p>No composed charter at all is reported as an explicit absence — a {@code null} digest and
+     * a zero byte count — never a digest of the empty string, which would hide the fact that no
+     * text was supplied. {@code configured} being {@code null} while {@code composed} is the reply
+     * charter alone is a normal case, and the source says so.
+     */
+    public static CharterReceipt compose(MemberRole role, String profile,
+                                         String configured, String composed) {
+        String source = (configured == null || configured.isBlank())
+                ? NO_SOURCE : sourceKey(role);
+        if (composed == null) {
+            return new CharterReceipt(role, profile, source, null, 0);
+        }
+        byte[] bytes = composed.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        return new CharterReceipt(role, profile, source, digestOf(composed), bytes.length);
+    }
+
+    /** Whether the composed charter was absent (no text was given to the member). */
+    public boolean absent() {
+        return charterSha256 == null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The stable SHA-256 hex digest of {@code text}, or {@code null} for null/blank text. Used both
+     * for the receipt's fingerprint and to redact a charter argument in a spawn log.
+     */
+    public static String digestOf(String text) {
+        if (text == null || text.isBlank()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return sha256Hex(text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    }
+
+    private static String sha256Hex(byte[] bytes) {
+        try {
+            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
+            return HexFormat.of().formatHex(md.digest(bytes));
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("SHA-256 is unavailable", e);
+        }
+    }
+}

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/peer/PeerHandle.java

@@ -67,4 +67,18 @@ public interface PeerHandle {
     default String agentSessionId() {
         return null;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * The charter receipt (CB-571) for this peer's launch — the fingerprint of the exact charter
+     * bytes it was started with. {@code null} when the launcher records none (a non-instrumented
+     * adapter, or a launcher before this field); the session registry stores it so the spawn result
+     * and the roster row can show an operator which charter a member actually got.
+     *
+     * <p>Deliberately not a {@code default}: a decorator that forgets to override this silently
+     * answers {@code null} for a question it has no basis to answer, and the gap surfaces only as
+     * a missing roster field, not a compile error. Every implementation must answer explicitly.
+     *
+     * @return the fingerprint, or {@code null} when the launcher carries none
+     */
+    CharterReceipt charterReceipt();
 }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/placement/BackendQuarantine.java

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package dev.ltms.bridged.placement;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.OptionalLong;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.function.LongSupplier;
+
+/**
+ * Where a credential (not a profile — see {@code BridgedConfig.Profile#effectiveCredentialId()})
+ * sits out a cooldown after a {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED} classification (CB-578 stage B), so a fresh
+ * spawn does not walk straight back onto the account that just refused on a usage limit.
+ *
+ * <p>Keyed by credential id, never by profile name: two profiles sharing one credential (e.g. two
+ * models on the same OpenAI account) share one quarantine — {@link #quarantine} one credential id
+ * and every profile whose {@code effectiveCredentialId()} equals it is quarantined too, without this
+ * class knowing anything about profiles at all. That mapping is the caller's job (see
+ * {@code CompositePeerLauncher} and {@code dev.ltms.bridged.inject.ExhaustionSink}).
+ *
+ * <p>The clock is injected ({@link LongSupplier}, conventionally {@code System::nanoTime} like
+ * {@code FleetHealthMonitor}), never read inline, so a quarantine's expiry is testable without a
+ * real sleep.
+ */
+public final class BackendQuarantine {
+
+    private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long> quarantinedUntilNanos = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    private final LongSupplier nowNanos;
+    private final long cooldownNanos;
+
+    /**
+     * @param nowNanos      monotonic clock, injected for testability
+     * @param cooldownNanos how long a fresh {@link #quarantine} call blocks the credential for;
+     *                      must be positive
+     */
+    public BackendQuarantine(LongSupplier nowNanos, long cooldownNanos) {
+        this.nowNanos = Objects.requireNonNull(nowNanos, "nowNanos");
+        if (cooldownNanos <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("cooldownNanos must be positive: " + cooldownNanos);
+        }
+        this.cooldownNanos = cooldownNanos;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inert quarantine — nothing is ever quarantined unless {@link #quarantine} is actually called on
+     * this instance. The explicit stand-in a caller (or a test not exercising this feature) passes
+     * instead of a defaulting overload, exactly like {@code ExhaustedPatternLookup.none()}.
+     */
+    public static BackendQuarantine none() {
+        return new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, 1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Quarantine {@code credentialId} for the configured cooldown, starting now. A repeat call while
+     * already quarantined restarts the cooldown at full length — a fresh refusal is fresh evidence the
+     * account is still exhausted, not a reason to let an earlier, shorter wait stand.
+     */
+    public void quarantine(String credentialId) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(credentialId, "credentialId");
+        quarantinedUntilNanos.put(credentialId, nowNanos.getAsLong() + cooldownNanos);
+    }
+
+    /** Whether {@code credentialId} is quarantined right now. */
+    public boolean isQuarantined(String credentialId) {
+        return remainingNanos(credentialId) > 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Seconds left on {@code credentialId}'s quarantine, or empty when it is not quarantined. */
+    public OptionalLong remainingSeconds(String credentialId) {
+        long remaining = remainingNanos(credentialId);
+        return remaining > 0 ? OptionalLong.of(toSecondsRoundedUp(remaining)) : OptionalLong.empty();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Every currently-quarantined credential id and its remaining seconds (CB-578 stage B fleet
+     * reporting) — expired entries are never included. Not pruned from the backing map here: it stays
+     * small (bounded by the number of distinct credentials ever exhausted) and a lazily-stale entry is
+     * harmless, since every read already checks the deadline.
+     */
+    public Map<String, Long> activeRemainingSeconds() {
+        Map<String, Long> out = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        quarantinedUntilNanos.forEach((credentialId, deadline) -> {
+            long remaining = deadline - nowNanos.getAsLong();
+            if (remaining > 0) {
+                out.put(credentialId, toSecondsRoundedUp(remaining));
+            }
+        });
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    private long remainingNanos(String credentialId) {
+        Long deadline = quarantinedUntilNanos.get(credentialId);
+        return deadline == null ? 0L : deadline - nowNanos.getAsLong();
+    }
+
+    private static long toSecondsRoundedUp(long nanos) {
+        return (nanos + 999_999_999L) / 1_000_000_000L;
+    }
+}

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/placement/FixedPlacementPolicy.java

@@ -4,18 +4,28 @@ package dev.ltms.bridged.placement;
  * Backward-compatible placement: an unqualified spawn always resolves to the configured default
  * profile, exactly as {@code CompositePeerLauncher} did before CB-518. This ignores caps and
  * reachability so that a pre-existing config behaves identically after upgrade.
+ *
+ * <p>Quarantine (CB-578 stage B) is the one exception: a quarantined default is a credential that
+ * just refused on a usage limit, not a transient capacity or reachability concern, so {@code fixed}
+ * steps to the first non-quarantined candidate instead of walking straight back onto it. A fleet
+ * where nothing is ever quarantined never exercises this path, so today's behaviour is unchanged.
  */
 final class FixedPlacementPolicy implements PlacementPolicy {
 
     @Override
     public PlacementCandidate select(PlacementContext ctx) {
         String d = ctx.defaultProfile();
-        if (d != null && !d.isBlank()) {
+        if (d != null && !d.isBlank() && !ctx.quarantined().contains(d)) {
             return new PlacementCandidate(d, null, 1.0f, null);
         }
-        if (!ctx.candidates().isEmpty()) {
-            PlacementCandidate first = ctx.candidates().getFirst();
-            return new PlacementCandidate(first.profile(), null, first.weight(), first.maxLoad());
+        for (PlacementCandidate c : ctx.candidates()) {
+            if (!ctx.quarantined().contains(c.profile())) {
+                return new PlacementCandidate(c.profile(), null, c.weight(), c.maxLoad());
+            }
+        }
+        if (d != null && !d.isBlank()) {
+            throw new PlacementException("worker profile '" + d + "' is quarantined (backend "
+                    + "exhausted) and no un-quarantined candidate is available");
         }
         throw new PlacementException("no worker profiles configured");
     }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/placement/PlacementContext.java

@@ -11,9 +11,13 @@ import java.util.function.Function;
  * @param candidates     every configured candidate; the policy filters out those at cap or unreachable
  * @param liveCount      current live worker count per profile (from the session registry)
  * @param unreachable    profiles already known to have failed in this spawn attempt
+ * @param quarantined    profiles whose credential is currently quarantined (CB-578 stage B) — a
+ *                       {@code BACKEND_EXHAUSTED} classification put it, or a profile it shares a
+ *                       credential with, on cooldown. Filtered the same way as {@code unreachable}.
  */
 public record PlacementContext(String defaultProfile,
                                List<PlacementCandidate> candidates,
                                Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
-                               Set<String> unreachable) {
+                               Set<String> unreachable,
+                               Set<String> quarantined) {
 }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/placement/PlacementPolicyUtil.java

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ final class PlacementPolicyUtil {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Candidates that are not known-unreachable and have not reached their maxLoad.
-     * A {@code null} maxLoad means unlimited.
+     * Candidates that are not known-unreachable, not quarantined (CB-578 stage B), and have not
+     * reached their maxLoad. A {@code null} maxLoad means unlimited.
      */
     static List<PlacementCandidate> available(PlacementContext ctx) {
         List<PlacementCandidate> out = new ArrayList<>();
         for (PlacementCandidate c : ctx.candidates()) {
-            if (ctx.unreachable().contains(c.profile())) {
+            if (ctx.unreachable().contains(c.profile()) || ctx.quarantined().contains(c.profile())) {
                 continue;
             }
             Integer cap = c.maxLoad();
@@ -35,14 +35,17 @@ final class PlacementPolicyUtil {
 
     /**
      * Build a clear exception describing why every candidate was dropped: all at capacity,
-     * all unreachable, or a mix.
+     * all unreachable, all quarantined, or a mix.
      */
     static PlacementException emptyException(PlacementContext ctx) {
         int atCap = 0;
         int unreachable = 0;
+        int quarantined = 0;
         for (PlacementCandidate c : ctx.candidates()) {
             Integer cap = c.maxLoad();
-            if (ctx.unreachable().contains(c.profile())) {
+            if (ctx.quarantined().contains(c.profile())) {
+                quarantined++;
+            } else if (ctx.unreachable().contains(c.profile())) {
                 unreachable++;
             } else if (cap != null && ctx.liveCount().apply(c.profile()) >= cap) {
                 atCap++;
@@ -53,6 +56,9 @@ final class PlacementPolicyUtil {
         if (total == 0) {
             return new PlacementException("no worker profiles configured");
         }
+        if (quarantined == total) {
+            return new PlacementException("all worker profiles are quarantined (backend exhausted)");
+        }
         if (atCap == total) {
             return new PlacementException("all worker profiles are at maxLoad");
         }
@@ -60,6 +66,7 @@ final class PlacementPolicyUtil {
             return new PlacementException("all worker profiles are unreachable");
         }
         return new PlacementException("no worker profile available: " + atCap + " at maxLoad, "
-                + unreachable + " unreachable, " + (total - atCap - unreachable) + " remaining");
+                + unreachable + " unreachable, " + quarantined + " quarantined, "
+                + (total - atCap - unreachable - quarantined) + " remaining");
     }
 }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/rest/BridgedApp.java

@@ -403,9 +403,12 @@ public final class BridgedApp {
                         case TIMED_OUT_QUEUED -> "queued";
                         case BUSY -> "busy";
                         case WORKER_FAILED -> "failed";
+                        case BACKEND_EXHAUSTED -> "backend_exhausted";
                         default -> "done"; // unreachable (terminal outcomes handled above)
                     },
-                    "detail", reply.outcome() == MessageService.Outcome.WORKER_FAILED && reply.text() != null
+                    "detail", (reply.outcome() == MessageService.Outcome.WORKER_FAILED
+                                    || reply.outcome() == MessageService.Outcome.BACKEND_EXHAUSTED)
+                                    && reply.text() != null
                             ? reply.text()
                             : "no reply within " + timeout + "ms; poll status or retry"));
         }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/session/MemberSession.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package dev.ltms.bridged.session;
 
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.MemberRole;
 
 /**
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.MemberRole;
  * @param lastActivityAtNanos {@link System#nanoTime()} of the most recent lifecycle event
  * @param turnCount          number of delegated turns that have been delivered to this session
  * @param state              current lifecycle state in the one-shot FSM
+ * @param charterReceipt     the fingerprint (CB-571) of the charter bytes this member was started
+ *                           with; {@code null} for a session whose launcher recorded none
  */
 public record MemberSession(
         String paneId,
@@ -36,7 +39,8 @@ public record MemberSession(
         int turnCount,
         State state,
         String worktree,
-        String branch) {
+        String branch,
+        CharterReceipt charterReceipt) {
 
     /** One-shot worker lifecycle states. */
     public enum State {
@@ -48,21 +52,34 @@ public record MemberSession(
         RELEASED
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Backward-compatible shape: a session with no charter receipt (a test or a launcher before
+     * CB-571). A separate constructor rather than a new parameter on the canonical one, so existing
+     * call sites that have nothing to record keep compiling unchanged.
+     */
+    public MemberSession(String paneId, String terminalId, String profile, MemberRole role,
+                         String cwd, String ownerTerminal, long spawnedAtNanos,
+                         long lastActivityAtNanos, int turnCount, State state,
+                         String worktree, String branch) {
+        this(paneId, terminalId, profile, role, cwd, ownerTerminal, spawnedAtNanos,
+                lastActivityAtNanos, turnCount, state, worktree, branch, null);
+    }
+
     /** Return a copy of this session in {@code state}. */
     public MemberSession withState(State state) {
         return new MemberSession(paneId, terminalId, profile, role, cwd, ownerTerminal, spawnedAtNanos,
-                lastActivityAtNanos, turnCount, state, worktree, branch);
+                lastActivityAtNanos, turnCount, state, worktree, branch, charterReceipt);
     }
 
     /** Return a copy with {@code lastActivityAtNanos} updated to {@code nowNanos}. */
     public MemberSession withActivity(long nowNanos) {
         return new MemberSession(paneId, terminalId, profile, role, cwd, ownerTerminal, spawnedAtNanos,
-                nowNanos, turnCount, state, worktree, branch);
+                nowNanos, turnCount, state, worktree, branch, charterReceipt);
     }
 
     /** Return a copy with the turn count incremented and activity timestamped at {@code nowNanos}. */
     public MemberSession bumpTurn(long nowNanos) {
         return new MemberSession(paneId, terminalId, profile, role, cwd, ownerTerminal, spawnedAtNanos,
-                nowNanos, turnCount + 1, state, worktree, branch);
+                nowNanos, turnCount + 1, state, worktree, branch, charterReceipt);
     }
 }

bridged/src/main/java/dev/ltms/bridged/session/SessionManager.java

@@ -163,7 +163,8 @@ public final class SessionManager implements TurnListener {
                     0,
                     MemberSession.State.SPAWNING,
                     null,
-                    null);
+                    null,
+                    handle.charterReceipt());
             registry.put(handle.id(), session);
             memberLifecycle.acquired(session.role(), session.profile(), session.terminalId());
             log.debug("acquired session id={} terminal={} profile={} owner={}",
@@ -355,7 +356,8 @@ public final class SessionManager implements TurnListener {
                 0,
                 MemberSession.State.SPAWNING,
                 path,
-                branch);
+                branch,
+                handle.charterReceipt());
         registry.put(handle.id(), session);
         memberLifecycle.acquired(session.role(), session.profile(), session.terminalId());
         log.debug("acquired worktree session id={} terminal={} profile={} branch={} path={}",
@@ -421,6 +423,16 @@ public final class SessionManager implements TurnListener {
         if (session.ownerTerminal() != null) {
             m.put("owner", session.ownerTerminal());
         }
+        // CB-571: which charter this member was started with — never the charter text itself. The
+        // digest lets a lead tell at a glance whether all members got the same charter; the source
+        // records whether a role charter was configured ("fleet.charters.<role>") or only the reply
+        // charter was composed ("none").
+        if (session.charterReceipt() != null) {
+            m.put("charterSource", session.charterReceipt().charterSource());
+            if (session.charterReceipt().charterSha256() != null) {
+                m.put("charterSha256", session.charterReceipt().charterSha256());
+            }
+        }
         m.put("liveStatus", live == null ? "unknown" : live.status().name().toLowerCase());
         return m;
     }

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/config/BridgedConfigTest.java

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 fleet:
                   leaders:
                     opus:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "lead: opus"
                 """);
 
         BridgedConfig.Leader lead = BridgedConfig.load(f).fleet().leaders().get("opus");
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 fleet:
                   leaders:
                     opus:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "drive: opus"
                       tabPrefix: "drive:"
                       scanIntervalSeconds: 30
                 """);
@@ -224,7 +224,9 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
 
     /**
      * The pane no longer has to exist before the daemon does (CB-557): a lead naming a profile may
-     * be launched, while one that names only a terminal is recognised and never created.
+     * be launched, while one that names no profile is recognised and never created. Either way it
+     * still needs its own {@code tab:} (CB-579) — that part is unconditional, see
+     * {@link #aLeadWithNoTabRefusesToStart}.
      */
     @Test
     void aLeadIsCreatableOnlyWhenItNamesAProfile(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
@@ -239,8 +241,9 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                   leaders:
                     launched:
                       profile: opus
+                      tab: "lead: launched"
                     pinned:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "lead: pinned"
                 """);
 
         var leaders = BridgedConfig.load(f).fleet().leaders();
@@ -249,8 +252,12 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 "no profile to launch on ⇒ recognise-only, the pre-CB-557 behaviour");
     }
 
+    /**
+     * CB-579: {@code tab} is the only field a lead's identity depends on now, so it is required
+     * whether the entry is creatable or recognise-only — without it the entry can never be found.
+     */
     @Test
-    void aLeadThatCanBeNeitherFoundNorCreatedRefusesToStart(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+    void aLeadWithNoTabRefusesToStart(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
         Path f = dir.resolve("useless-lead.yaml");
         Files.writeString(f, """
                 bind:
@@ -264,6 +271,80 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
 
         IllegalStateException e = assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, cfg::validateMembers);
         assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("ghost"), "the message must name the useless entry");
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("tab:"), "the message must say what is missing");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CB-579 acceptance (2): a config still spelling {@code fleet.leaders.<name>.terminal} must fail
+     * loudly at load, not be silently dropped by {@code Leader}'s {@code @JsonIgnoreProperties}.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void aLeaderTerminalKeyFailsLoadAndNamesTabAsTheReplacement(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+        Path f = dir.resolve("stale-terminal.yaml");
+        Files.writeString(f, """
+                bind:
+                  port: 8080
+                fleet:
+                  leaders:
+                    opus:
+                      terminal: term_opus
+                """);
+
+        IllegalStateException e =
+                assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> BridgedConfig.load(f));
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("opus"), "the message must name the offending entry");
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("tab:"), "the message must name the replacement key");
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("terminal"), "the message must name the retired key");
+    }
+
+    /** The same refusal, and it must name every offending entry, not just the first. */
+    @Test
+    void everyLeaderStillUsingTerminalIsReportedAtOnce(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+        Path f = dir.resolve("stale-terminals.yaml");
+        Files.writeString(f, """
+                bind:
+                  port: 8080
+                fleet:
+                  leaders:
+                    opus:
+                      terminal: term_opus
+                    sol:
+                      terminal: term_sol
+                """);
+
+        IllegalStateException e =
+                assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> BridgedConfig.load(f));
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("opus"));
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("sol"));
+    }
+
+    /** A {@code terminal:} anywhere else in the document (not under a leader entry) is unaffected. */
+    @Test
+    void aTerminalKeyOutsideFleetLeadersIsNotRejected(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+        Path f = dir.resolve("primary-terminal-ok.yaml");
+        Files.writeString(f, "bind:\n  port: 8080\nprimary:\n  terminal: term_fixed\n");
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> BridgedConfig.load(f));
+    }
+
+    /** CB-579 acceptance (3): distinct `tab:` labels need no shared prefix — one scanner finds both. */
+    @Test
+    void twoLeadersWithDifferentTabsAreBothConfigured(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+        Path f = dir.resolve("two-tabs.yaml");
+        Files.writeString(f, """
+                bind:
+                  port: 8080
+                fleet:
+                  leaders:
+                    opus:
+                      tab: "lead: opus"
+                    sol:
+                      tab: "captain: sol"
+                """);
+
+        var leaders = BridgedConfig.load(f).fleet().leaders();
+        assertEquals("lead: opus", leaders.get("opus").tab());
+        assertEquals("captain: sol", leaders.get("sol").tab());
     }
 
     // ── CB-551: the idle-lead heartbeat ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -328,7 +409,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 fleet:
                   leaders:
                     opus:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "lead: opus"
                       tabPrefix: "lead:"
                 """);
         BridgedConfig cfg = BridgedConfig.load(f);
@@ -349,7 +430,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                   tabLabel: "lead: {role} {profile}"
                   leaders:
                     opus:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "lead: opus"
                 """);
         BridgedConfig cfg = BridgedConfig.load(f);
 
@@ -374,7 +455,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 fleet:
                   leaders:
                     opus:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "lead: opus"
                 """);
 
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> BridgedConfig.load(f).validateLeadTabPrefixes());
@@ -400,7 +481,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 "a label that collides with a convention nobody reads is not a problem");
     }
 
-    // ── CB-530: the leaders registry ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // ── CB-530/CB-579: the leaders registry ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     @Test
     void leadersBlockRegistersEveryPaneByName(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
@@ -411,10 +492,10 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 fleet:
                   leaders:
                     opus-5.0:
-                      terminal: term_opus
+                      tab: "lead: opus-5.0"
                       kind: claude
                     gpt-sol-5.6:
-                      terminal: term_sol
+                      tab: "lead: gpt-sol-5.6"
                       kind: opencode
                       model: openai/gpt-5.6-terra
                 """);
@@ -425,9 +506,9 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
         assertEquals(Set.of("opus-5.0", "gpt-sol-5.6"), leaders.keySet());
         assertEquals("opencode", leaders.get("gpt-sol-5.6").kind());
         assertEquals("openai/gpt-5.6-terra", leaders.get("gpt-sol-5.6").model());
-        // The whole point: BOTH panes resolve as leads, so neither is demoted to worker.
-        assertEquals(Map.of("term_opus", "opus-5.0", "term_sol", "gpt-sol-5.6"),
-                cfg.leaderTerminals());
+        // Identity is the tab now (CB-579) — both entries carry their own, distinct label.
+        assertEquals("lead: opus-5.0", leaders.get("opus-5.0").tab());
+        assertEquals("lead: gpt-sol-5.6", leaders.get("gpt-sol-5.6").tab());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -439,42 +520,6 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                 "configs that never migrate must behave exactly as they did before CB-530");
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void anExplicitLeadersEntryWinsOverThePinForTheSameTerminal(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
-        Path f = dir.resolve("both.yaml");
-        Files.writeString(f, """
-                bind:
-                  port: 8080
-                primary:
-                  terminal: term_shared
-                fleet:
-                  leaders:
-                    opus-5.0:
-                      terminal: term_shared
-                """);
-
-        assertEquals(Map.of("term_shared", "opus-5.0"), BridgedConfig.load(f).leaderTerminals(),
-                "the pin is the older spelling of the same fact; the named entry is what was meant");
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void bothBlocksTogetherRegisterTheUnionOfTheirTerminals(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
-        Path f = dir.resolve("union.yaml");
-        Files.writeString(f, """
-                bind:
-                  port: 8080
-                primary:
-                  terminal: term_pinned
-                fleet:
-                  leaders:
-                    gpt-sol-5.6:
-                      terminal: term_sol
-                """);
-
-        assertEquals(Map.of("term_pinned", "primary", "term_sol", "gpt-sol-5.6"),
-                BridgedConfig.load(f).leaderTerminals());
-    }
-
     @Test
     void neitherBlockLeavesNothingRegistered(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
         Path f = dir.resolve("none.yaml");
@@ -483,22 +528,25 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
         assertTrue(BridgedConfig.load(f).leaderTerminals().isEmpty());
     }
 
-    /** A lead entry with no terminal identifies nothing — it must not register a null key. */
+    /**
+     * CB-579: {@code fleet.leaders} no longer feeds {@code leaderTerminals()} at all — a lead's
+     * identity comes from the live tab scan, not a config-held terminal map. This method now exists
+     * only for the {@code primary.terminal} fallback.
+     */
     @Test
-    void aLeadWithoutATerminalIsNotRegistered(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
-        Path f = dir.resolve("no-terminal.yaml");
+    void fleetLeadersNeverContributesToLeaderTerminals(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+        Path f = dir.resolve("leaders-only.yaml");
         Files.writeString(f, """
                 bind:
                   port: 8080
                 fleet:
                   leaders:
-                    sketch:
-                      kind: opencode
-                    real:
-                      terminal: term_real
+                    opus-5.0:
+                      tab: "lead: opus-5.0"
                 """);
 
-        assertEquals(Map.of("term_real", "real"), BridgedConfig.load(f).leaderTerminals());
+        assertTrue(BridgedConfig.load(f).leaderTerminals().isEmpty(),
+                "no primary.terminal pin ⇒ nothing registered, even with fleet.leaders configured");
     }
 
     // ── CB-548: the architects registry ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -1092,6 +1140,7 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
                     gitHostEnv: GITEA_HOST
                     weight: 0.5
                     maxLoad: 2
+                    exhaustedPattern: "usage limit has been reached"
                 placement: weighted
                 lifecycle:
                   idleTtlSeconds: 300
@@ -1123,6 +1172,8 @@ class BridgedConfigTest {
         assertEquals("GITEA_HOST", w.gitHostEnv());
         assertEquals(0.5f, w.weight(), 0.0001f, "weight binds as a float");
         assertEquals(2, w.maxLoad(), "maxLoad binds as an integer");
+        assertTrue(w.hasExhaustedPattern(), "exhaustedPattern binds and enables the CB-578 stage A classification");
+        assertEquals("usage limit has been reached", w.exhaustedPattern());
 
         assertEquals("weighted", cfg.placement(), "placement binds at the top level");
         assertEquals(300, cfg.lifecycle().idleTtlSeconds());

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/config/ConfigRefTest.java

@@ -338,6 +338,54 @@ class ConfigRefTest {
         assertEquals("deepseek-v4-flash", ref.get().profiles().get("sonnet").model());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * CB-578 stage B: exhaustedPattern is compiled once into Bridged.main's pattern map at startup
+     * (see ExhaustedPatternLookup), so a reload never re-reads it — a changed pattern must be
+     * reported deferred exactly like model/baseUrl, not silently claimed as applied.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void changingAProfilesExhaustedPatternIsReportedAsDeferred(@TempDir Path dir) throws Exception {
+        Path f = dir.resolve("bridged.yaml");
+        Files.writeString(f, """
+                bind:
+                  host: 127.0.0.1
+                  port: 8765
+                herdrSocket: ~/.config/herdr/herdr.sock
+                profiles:
+                  sonnet:
+                    baseUrl: http://gx00.gw:8000
+                    model: sonnet
+                    exhaustedPattern: "usage limit has been reached"
+                guard:
+                  offSubscriptionHosts:
+                    - gx00.gw
+                """);
+        ConfigRef ref = refFor(f);
+
+        Files.writeString(f, """
+                bind:
+                  host: 127.0.0.1
+                  port: 8765
+                herdrSocket: ~/.config/herdr/herdr.sock
+                profiles:
+                  sonnet:
+                    baseUrl: http://gx00.gw:8000
+                    model: sonnet
+                    exhaustedPattern: "rate limit exceeded"
+                guard:
+                  offSubscriptionHosts:
+                    - gx00.gw
+                """);
+        ConfigRef.Outcome out = ref.reload();
+
+        assertTrue(out.applied());
+        assertEquals(1, out.deferred().size(), out.deferred().toString());
+        assertTrue(out.deferred().getFirst().contains("sonnet"), out.deferred().toString());
+        assertTrue(out.deferred().getFirst().contains("launch settings"), out.deferred().toString());
+        // The snapshot still carries the new value — a restart is what makes it take effect.
+        assertEquals("rate limit exceeded", ref.get().profiles().get("sonnet").exhaustedPattern());
+    }
+
     @Test
     void aFixedRefHasNoFileAndRefusesToReload() {
         BridgedConfig cfg = new BridgedConfig(null, null, null, null, null, null,

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/health/FleetHealthMonitorTest.java

@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 class FleetHealthMonitorTest {
     @Test void oneTickUsesOneFleetListForAnyRosterSize() {
@@ -37,7 +39,8 @@ class FleetHealthMonitorTest {
         herdr.calls.clear();
         MessageService messages = new MessageService(agents, new Injector(agents), new Rendezvous(), new InMemoryReplyInbox());
         var scheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
-        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = new FleetHealthMonitor(agents, sessions::roster, messages, scheduler, () -> 1, 60);
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = new FleetHealthMonitor(agents, sessions::roster, messages, scheduler, () -> 1, 60,
+                (_, _) -> { });
         monitor.tick();
         monitor.stop();
         assertEquals(1, herdr.calls.stream().filter(call -> call.method().equals("agent.list")).count());
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ class FleetHealthMonitorTest {
         var scheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
         FleetHealthMonitor monitor = new FleetHealthMonitor(agents, java.util.List::of,
                 new MessageService(agents, new Injector(agents), new Rendezvous(), new InMemoryReplyInbox()),
-                scheduler, () -> 1, 60);
+                scheduler, () -> 1, 60, (_, _) -> { });
         monitor.tick();
         herdr.healthy(true);
         monitor.tick();
@@ -68,7 +71,7 @@ class FleetHealthMonitorTest {
             var scheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
             FleetHealthMonitor monitor = new FleetHealthMonitor(agents, java.util.List::of,
                     new MessageService(agents, new Injector(agents), new Rendezvous(), new InMemoryReplyInbox()),
-                    scheduler, () -> 1, 60);
+                    scheduler, () -> 1, 60, (_, _) -> { });
             monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.TURN_BOUNDARY_LOST);
             monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.TURN_BOUNDARY_LOST);
             monitor.stop();
@@ -78,4 +81,90 @@ class FleetHealthMonitorTest {
             logger.detachAppender(appender);
         }
     }
+
+    // --- CB-580: a member that reaches GONE/NEVER_READY must fail its waiting tickets
+
+    private static FleetHealthMonitor monitorWith(BiConsumer<String, String> failTarget) {
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        AgentControl agents = new AgentControl(herdr);
+        var scheduler = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
+        return new FleetHealthMonitor(agents, java.util.List::of,
+                new MessageService(agents, new Injector(agents), new Rendezvous(), new InMemoryReplyInbox()),
+                scheduler, () -> 1, 60, failTarget);
+    }
+
+    @Test void terminalTransitionFailsTheTargetOnce() {
+        RecordingFailTarget failTarget = new RecordingFailTarget();
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = monitorWith(failTarget);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.stop();
+        assertEquals(1, failTarget.calls.size());
+        assertEquals("term_a", failTarget.calls.get(0).target());
+        assertTrue(failTarget.calls.get(0).reason().contains("GONE"));
+    }
+
+    @Test void neverReadyNamesItselfAsTheReason() {
+        RecordingFailTarget failTarget = new RecordingFailTarget();
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = monitorWith(failTarget);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.NEVER_READY);
+        monitor.stop();
+        assertEquals(1, failTarget.calls.size());
+        assertTrue(failTarget.calls.get(0).reason().contains("NEVER_READY"));
+    }
+
+    @Test void stayingInATerminalStateProducesOneFailureNotN() {
+        RecordingFailTarget failTarget = new RecordingFailTarget();
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = monitorWith(failTarget);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.stop();
+        assertEquals(1, failTarget.calls.size());
+    }
+
+    @Test void aNonTerminalFaultStateDoesNotFailTheTarget() {
+        RecordingFailTarget failTarget = new RecordingFailTarget();
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = monitorWith(failTarget);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.TURN_BOUNDARY_LOST);
+        monitor.stop();
+        assertEquals(0, failTarget.calls.size());
+    }
+
+    @Test void failTargetRetryIsBounded() {
+        AlwaysThrowingFailTarget failTarget = new AlwaysThrowingFailTarget();
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = monitorWith(failTarget);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.stop();
+        assertEquals(FleetHealthMonitor.MAX_FAIL_TARGET_ATTEMPTS, failTarget.calls);
+    }
+
+    @Test void exhaustedRetryStillDoesNotRefireOnAnUnchangedTick() {
+        AlwaysThrowingFailTarget failTarget = new AlwaysThrowingFailTarget();
+        FleetHealthMonitor monitor = monitorWith(failTarget);
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        int afterFirstTransition = failTarget.calls;
+        monitor.reportTransition("term_a", HealthState.GONE);
+        monitor.stop();
+        assertEquals(afterFirstTransition, failTarget.calls);
+    }
+
+    private record RecordedCall(String target, String reason) { }
+
+    private static final class RecordingFailTarget implements BiConsumer<String, String> {
+        final java.util.List<RecordedCall> calls = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
+
+        @Override public void accept(String target, String reason) {
+            calls.add(new RecordedCall(target, reason));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class AlwaysThrowingFailTarget implements BiConsumer<String, String> {
+        int calls = 0;
+
+        @Override public void accept(String target, String reason) {
+            calls++;
+            throw new RuntimeException("boom");
+        }
+    }
 }

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/herdr/LeadTabScannerTest.java

@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
 /**
- * CB-531. A lead is never spawned, so the daemon has to <em>find</em> it: these assert that an
- * operator-labelled tab is what makes a pane a lead, and — just as importantly — what does not.
+ * CB-531/CB-579. A lead is never spawned, so the daemon has to <em>find</em> it: these assert that
+ * an operator-labelled tab matching a configured {@code tab:} is what makes a pane a lead, and —
+ * just as importantly — what does not, and that a stale entry does not linger forever.
  */
 class LeadTabScannerTest {
 
@@ -120,23 +121,48 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
                 .pane("w9:p1", "w9:t1", "term_worker");
     }
 
-    private LeadTabScanner scanner(TopologyHerdr herdr, Map<String, String> configured,
+    /** The {@code tab:} → name map {@code twoLeads()}'s two lead tabs are configured under. */
+    private static Map<String, String> twoLeadsConfigured() {
+        return Map.of("lead: opus-5.0", "opus-5.0", "lead: gpt-sol-5.6", "gpt-sol-5.6");
+    }
+
+    private LeadTabScanner scanner(TopologyHerdr herdr, Map<String, String> tabToName,
                                    AtomicLong clock) {
-        return new LeadTabScanner(herdr, "lead:", Set.of("bridged-workers"), configured, TTL,
-                clock::get);
+        return new LeadTabScanner(herdr, tabToName, Set.of("bridged-workers"), TTL, clock::get);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void everyLabelledTabBecomesALeadNamedByItsLabel() {
-        Map<String, String> leads = scanner(twoLeads(), Map.of(), new AtomicLong()).get();
+    void everyConfiguredTabBecomesALeadNamedByItsEntry() {
+        Map<String, String> leads = scanner(twoLeads(), twoLeadsConfigured(), new AtomicLong()).get();
 
         assertEquals(Map.of("term_opus", "opus-5.0", "term_gpt", "gpt-sol-5.6"), leads,
-                "two leads discovered from labels alone — no terminal_id was ever configured");
+                "two leads discovered by their configured tab — no terminal_id was ever configured");
     }
 
     @Test
-    void anUnlabelledTabContributesNothing() {
-        assertFalse(scanner(twoLeads(), Map.of(), new AtomicLong()).get().containsKey("term_notes"));
+    void anUnconfiguredTabContributesNothing() {
+        assertFalse(scanner(twoLeads(), twoLeadsConfigured(), new AtomicLong())
+                .get().containsKey("term_notes"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CB-579: matching is exact against the configured map now, not a shared prefix — two leads with
+     * completely different labels are both discovered by one scanner, no convention required.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void twoLeadsWithCompletelyDifferentLabelsAreBothDiscovered() {
+        TopologyHerdr herdr = new TopologyHerdr()
+                .workspace("w1", "main")
+                .tab("w1:t1", "w1", "orchestrator: opus")
+                .tab("w1:t2", "w1", "captain: sol")
+                .pane("w1:p1", "w1:t1", "term_opus")
+                .pane("w1:p2", "w1:t2", "term_sol");
+        Map<String, String> tabToName = Map.of("orchestrator: opus", "opus", "captain: sol", "sol");
+
+        Map<String, String> leads = scanner(herdr, tabToName, new AtomicLong()).get();
+
+        assertEquals(Map.of("term_opus", "opus", "term_sol", "sol"), leads,
+                "no shared prefix needed — each lead is matched by its own configured tab");
     }
 
     /**
@@ -148,25 +174,28 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
     void aTabInAWorkerSpaceIsNeverALeadEvenWhenItsLabelMatches() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads().tab("w9:t2", "w9", "lead: impostor")
                 .pane("w9:p2", "w9:t2", "term_impostor");
+        Map<String, String> tabToName = new LinkedHashMap<>(twoLeadsConfigured());
+        tabToName.put("lead: impostor", "impostor");
 
-        assertFalse(scanner(herdr, Map.of(), new AtomicLong()).get().containsKey("term_impostor"));
+        assertFalse(scanner(herdr, tabToName, new AtomicLong()).get().containsKey("term_impostor"));
     }
 
     @Test
-    void aBarePrefixNamesNobodyAndIsRejected() {
+    void aLabelWithNoConfiguredEntryIsIgnored() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = new TopologyHerdr().workspace("w1", "main")
-                .tab("w1:t1", "w1", "lead:").pane("w1:p1", "w1:t1", "term_a");
+                .tab("w1:t1", "w1", "lead: nobody-configured").pane("w1:p1", "w1:t1", "term_a");
 
-        assertEquals(Map.of(), scanner(herdr, Map.of(), new AtomicLong()).get(),
-                "a lead with no name would resolve as PRIMARY with nothing to attribute it to");
+        assertEquals(Map.of(), scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), new AtomicLong()).get(),
+                "a label that names no configured lead resolves nobody");
     }
 
     @Test
-    void thePrefixMatchesCaseInsensitivelyAndTheNameIsTrimmed() {
+    void matchingIsCaseInsensitiveAndToleratesSurroundingWhitespace() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = new TopologyHerdr().workspace("w1", "main")
-                .tab("w1:t1", "w1", "  LEAD:   opus-5.0  ").pane("w1:p1", "w1:t1", "term_a");
+                .tab("w1:t1", "w1", "  LEAD: Opus-5.0  ").pane("w1:p1", "w1:t1", "term_a");
 
-        assertEquals(Map.of("term_a", "opus-5.0"), scanner(herdr, Map.of(), new AtomicLong()).get());
+        assertEquals(Map.of("term_a", "opus-5.0"),
+                scanner(herdr, Map.of("lead: Opus-5.0", "opus-5.0"), new AtomicLong()).get());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -175,18 +204,51 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
         // nothing bridged placed can land here (see the worker-space test above).
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads().pane("w1:p1b", "w1:t1", "term_opus_split");
 
-        assertEquals("opus-5.0", scanner(herdr, Map.of(), new AtomicLong()).get().get("term_opus_split"));
+        assertEquals("opus-5.0",
+                scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), new AtomicLong()).get().get("term_opus_split"));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * CB-579 acceptance (6): this is the bug the ticket closes. A stale pin used to be merged back
+     * over every scan and never expire; now a scan is the whole answer, so a lead whose tab is gone
+     * drops out on the very next scan.
+     */
     @Test
-    void anExplicitlyConfiguredLeadIsMergedInAndOutranksALabel() {
-        Map<String, String> configured = Map.of("term_opus", "pinned-name", "term_extra", "from-config");
+    void aTabNoLongerPresentDropsTheLeadOnTheNextScan() {
+        TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
+        AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong();
+        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), clock);
+        assertTrue(s.get().containsKey("term_opus"));
 
-        Map<String, String> leads = scanner(twoLeads(), configured, new AtomicLong()).get();
+        // The session behind term_opus restarted — herdr no longer reports that tab or pane at all.
+        herdr.tabs.remove("w1:t1");
+        herdr.panes.remove("w1:p1");
+        clock.addAndGet(TTL);
 
-        assertEquals("pinned-name", leads.get("term_opus"), "an explicit pin is the operator's last word");
-        assertEquals("from-config", leads.get("term_extra"), "a configured lead needs no tab at all");
-        assertEquals("gpt-sol-5.6", leads.get("term_gpt"));
+        assertFalse(s.get().containsKey("term_opus"),
+                "a stale entry must expire once the tab it named is gone, not be merged back forever");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * CB-579 acceptance (5): the whole point of matching by tab instead of {@code terminal_id} — a
+     * restart changes the terminal, not the tab, so the lead resolves under the same name with no
+     * config edit.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void aLeadRestartingInTheSameTabResolvesUnderTheSameName() {
+        TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
+        AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong();
+        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), clock);
+        assertEquals("opus-5.0", s.get().get("term_opus"));
+
+        // The session restarts: herdr assigns the pane a new terminal_id, same tab (w1:t1).
+        herdr.panes.remove("w1:p1");
+        herdr.pane("w1:p1", "w1:t1", "term_opus_v2");
+        clock.addAndGet(TTL);
+
+        Map<String, String> leads = s.get();
+        assertEquals("opus-5.0", leads.get("term_opus_v2"), "the new terminal resolves immediately");
+        assertFalse(leads.containsKey("term_opus"), "the old terminal_id is simply gone, not carried");
     }
 
     // ── caching ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -195,7 +257,7 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
     void aSecondLookupWithinTheTtlDoesNotTouchHerdr() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
         AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong();
-        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, Map.of(), clock);
+        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), clock);
 
         s.get();
         int afterFirst = herdr.calls;
@@ -210,21 +272,23 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
     void aTabLabelledAfterStartupIsPickedUpOnceTheTtlExpires() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
         AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong();
-        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, Map.of(), clock);
+        Map<String, String> tabToName = new LinkedHashMap<>(twoLeadsConfigured());
+        tabToName.put("lead: late-arrival", "late-arrival");
+        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, tabToName, clock);
         assertFalse(s.get().containsKey("term_notes"));
 
         herdr.tab("w1:t3", "w1", "lead: late-arrival"); // the operator renames their tab
         clock.addAndGet(TTL);
 
         assertEquals("late-arrival", s.get().get("term_notes"),
-                "the whole point over `leaders:`: no config edit, no restart");
+                "the whole point over a config-held terminal_id: no config edit, no restart");
     }
 
     @Test
     void aFailedScanKeepsTheLeadsAlreadyKnownRatherThanDemotingThem() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
         AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong();
-        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, Map.of(), clock);
+        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), clock);
         Map<String, String> before = s.get();
 
         herdr.failing = true;
@@ -235,14 +299,14 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void aFailedFirstScanStillHonoursTheConfiguredLeads() {
+    void aFailedFirstScanReturnsEmptyRatherThanThrowing() {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
         herdr.failing = true;
 
-        Map<String, String> leads = scanner(herdr, Map.of("term_x", "opus-5.0"), new AtomicLong()).get();
+        Map<String, String> leads = scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), new AtomicLong()).get();
 
-        assertEquals(Map.of("term_x", "opus-5.0"), leads,
-                "config-named leads must not depend on herdr answering at all");
+        assertEquals(Map.of(), leads,
+                "with nothing scanned yet and no override to fall back on, the map is simply empty");
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -250,7 +314,7 @@ class LeadTabScannerTest {
         TopologyHerdr herdr = twoLeads();
         herdr.failing = true;
         AtomicLong clock = new AtomicLong();
-        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, Map.of(), clock);
+        LeadTabScanner s = scanner(herdr, twoLeadsConfigured(), clock);
 
         s.get();
         int afterFirst = herdr.calls;

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/inject/CompletionResolverTest.java

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.TurnToken;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@@ -23,7 +26,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
     void skipsTheScrapeWhenNoSendIsWaiting() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous(); // no waiter opened
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         resolver.resolve("term_a", null); // no in-flight turn captured for this target
 
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
     void failSkipsTheScrapeWhenNoSendIsWaiting() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous(); // no waiter opened
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         resolver.fail("term_a", null); // no in-flight turn, and no registered waiter to fall back to
 
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
     void captureBaselineSkipsTheReadWhenNoSendIsWaiting() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ X\n❯ ");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous(); // no waiter opened
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         resolver.captureBaseline("term_a", TestTurnTokens.inert("term_a")); // no send to attribute a later completion to
 
@@ -136,7 +139,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         // send must NOT be resolved with the stale answer.
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ 391\n❯ ");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");   // a send is blocked on this turn
         // The turn as captured at delivery: its waiter, and the previous turn's answer still on screen.
@@ -151,7 +154,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
     void resolvesACompletionWhoseScrapeChangedSinceDelivery() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ No, 391 = 17 × 23.\n❯ "); // the worker's real answer
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         // Delivery baseline was the previous turn's "391"; the scrape now differs → resolve.
@@ -168,7 +171,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         String block = "⏺ " + "x".repeat(CompletionResolver.MAX_SCRAPE_CHARS + 1) + "\n❯ ";
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(block);
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
@@ -182,7 +185,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
     void leavesAnUnclippedCompletionPaneTailUnmarked() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ complete report\n❯ ");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
@@ -194,7 +197,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
     void resolvesSynchronouslyBeforePostTurnContextClearing() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ previous answer\n❯ ");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         resolver.captureBaseline("term_a", new TurnToken("term_a", waiter));
         herdr.readText("⏺ answer that /clear would erase\n❯ ");
@@ -216,7 +219,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         String longBlock = "⏺ " + "x".repeat(CompletionResolver.MAX_SCRAPE_CHARS + 500) + "\n❯ ";
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(longBlock);
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");        // a send is blocked on this turn
         resolver.captureBaseline("term_a", new TurnToken("term_a", waiter)); // baseline is the clipped >cap block
@@ -236,7 +239,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         // No delivery baseline (e.g. the pre-turn read failed) ⇒ never suppress; the completion resolves.
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ hello\n❯ ");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
@@ -254,7 +257,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         // byte-identical guard would wrongly match the empty tail and suppress.
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().healthy(false); // agent.read throws HerdrException
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         var turn = new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, ""); // empty pane baselined at delivery
@@ -274,7 +277,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         // fail must not overwrite that value, and must not even scrape the worker — nobody needs it.
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("an error screen");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
         var turn = new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null);
@@ -295,7 +298,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         // fail falls back to the waiter currently registered on the Rendezvous and fails it.
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("stuck on an error screen");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a"); // send registered, but no captureBaseline ever ran
         resolver.fail("term_a", null);          // no in-flight turn → fall back to the registered waiter
@@ -321,7 +324,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         try {
             FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("stuck on an error screen");
             Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-            CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+            CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
             var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
 
             resolver.fail("term_a", null);
@@ -349,7 +352,7 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
         // scrape to turn N+1; targeting turn N's captured waiter makes the late completion a no-op.
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ turn N answer\n❯ ");
         Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
 
         var waiterN = rendezvous.open("term_a"); // turn N's send
         // The turn as the injector captured it at delivery (waiter + pre-turn baseline).
@@ -370,4 +373,129 @@ class CompletionResolverTest {
                 "turn N stays resolved by its own reply");
         assertTrue(rendezvous.isWaiting("term_a"), "turn N+1 is still awaiting its own resolution");
     }
+
+    // --- CB-578 stage A: backend-exhausted classification ---------------------------------
+
+    @Test
+    void classifiesAMatchingScrapeAsBackendExhaustedInsteadOfACompletedReply() {
+        String block = "⏺ Working on it...\nThe usage limit has been reached. Try again later.\n❯ ";
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(block);
+        Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
+        ExhaustedPatternLookup patterns = target -> Pattern.compile("usage limit has been reached");
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, patterns, ExhaustionSink.none());
+
+        var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
+        resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
+
+        assertTrue(waiter.isDone(), "a matching scrape still resolves the blocked send");
+        assertEquals(Rendezvous.Kind.BACKEND_EXHAUSTED, waiter.getNow(null).kind(),
+                "not reported as a completed reply — the classification is distinct");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void theExhaustedReasonCarriesTheMatchedLine() {
+        String block = "⏺ Working on it...\nThe usage limit has been reached. Try again later.\n❯ ";
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(block);
+        Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
+        ExhaustedPatternLookup patterns = target -> Pattern.compile("usage limit has been reached");
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, patterns, ExhaustionSink.none());
+
+        var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
+        resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
+
+        assertEquals("backend exhausted (usage limit): The usage limit has been reached. Try again later.",
+                waiter.getNow(null).text(), "the reason names the real cause and carries the matched line");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aWinningBackendExhaustedClassificationNotifiesTheExhaustionSink() {
+        String block = "⏺ Working on it...\nThe usage limit has been reached. Try again later.\n❯ ";
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(block);
+        Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
+        ExhaustedPatternLookup patterns = target -> Pattern.compile("usage limit has been reached");
+        java.util.List<String> notified = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
+        ExhaustionSink sink = (target, reason) -> notified.add(target + ": " + reason);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, patterns, sink);
+
+        var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
+        resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
+
+        assertEquals(1, notified.size(), "the sink is notified exactly once for the winning classification");
+        assertTrue(notified.get(0).startsWith("term_a: "), "the sink is told which target exhausted");
+        assertTrue(notified.get(0).contains("The usage limit has been reached"),
+                "the sink is told the matched reason: " + notified.get(0));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aLosingBackendExhaustedClassificationNeverNotifiesTheExhaustionSink() {
+        // The waiter was already resolved (e.g. by the worker's own reply) before this scrape landed —
+        // resolveExhausted loses the race and must return false, so the sink must not fire either.
+        String block = "⏺ Working on it...\nThe usage limit has been reached. Try again later.\n❯ ";
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(block);
+        Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
+        ExhaustedPatternLookup patterns = target -> Pattern.compile("usage limit has been reached");
+        java.util.List<String> notified = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
+        ExhaustionSink sink = (target, reason) -> notified.add(target + ": " + reason);
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, patterns, sink);
+
+        var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
+        var turn = new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null);
+        assertTrue(rendezvous.resolveCompletion(waiter, "already replied"));
+
+        resolver.resolve("term_a", turn);
+
+        assertTrue(notified.isEmpty(), "a classification that loses the race must not quarantine anything");
+        assertEquals("already replied", waiter.getNow(null).text(), "the earlier resolution stands untouched");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aNonMatchingScrapeResolvesAsAnOrdinaryCompletion() {
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("⏺ complete report\n❯ ");
+        Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
+        ExhaustedPatternLookup patterns = target -> Pattern.compile("usage limit has been reached");
+        CompletionResolver resolver = new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, patterns, ExhaustionSink.none());
+
+        var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
+        resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
+
+        assertEquals(Rendezvous.Kind.COMPLETION, waiter.getNow(null).kind(),
+                "a scrape that does not match the pattern is an ordinary completion");
+        assertEquals("complete report", waiter.getNow(null).text());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aProfileWithNoConfiguredPatternKeepsTodaysCompletionFallbackUnchanged() {
+        // Even a scrape that WOULD have matched some other profile's pattern must resolve as a
+        // plain completion when this target's own profile has none configured (CB-578 criterion 4).
+        String block = "⏺ The usage limit has been reached.\n❯ ";
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText(block);
+        Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
+        CompletionResolver resolver =
+                new CompletionResolver(new AgentControl(herdr), rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
+
+        var waiter = rendezvous.open("term_a");
+        resolver.resolve("term_a", new CompletionResolver.InFlight(waiter, null));
+
+        assertEquals(Rendezvous.Kind.COMPLETION, waiter.getNow(null).kind(),
+                "no pattern configured for this target's profile ⇒ unchanged completion-fallback behaviour");
+        assertEquals("The usage limit has been reached.", waiter.getNow(null).text());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void coverageIsOffWhenNoProfileHasAPatternConfigured() {
+        assertEquals("off (no profile has an exhaustedPattern configured; profiles: [terra])",
+                CompletionResolver.coverage(Set.of("terra"), Set.of()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void coverageIsFullWhenEveryProfileHasAPatternConfigured() {
+        assertEquals("full (all profiles configured: [gx10, terra])",
+                CompletionResolver.coverage(Set.of("terra", "gx10"), Set.of("terra", "gx10")));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void coverageIsPartialAndNamesWhichProfilesAreConfigured() {
+        assertEquals("partial (configured: [terra]; not configured: [gx10])",
+                CompletionResolver.coverage(Set.of("terra", "gx10"), Set.of("terra")));
+    }
 }

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/lead/LeadLauncherTest.java

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
                 List.of("ccs", "ltms"), "tab", "bridged-workers", null,
                 "http://127.0.0.1:8765/mcp", null, null,
                 null, null, null,
-                Map.of("CLAUDE_CODE_AUTO_COMPACT_WINDOW", "300000"), null, null, true);
+                Map.of("CLAUDE_CODE_AUTO_COMPACT_WINDOW", "300000"), null, null, true, null);
     }
 
     private static BridgedConfig configWith(BridgedConfig.Leader lead) {
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
                 null, null, fleet, null, "fixed", null).withDefaults();
     }
 
-    private static BridgedConfig.Leader lead(String profile, String terminal, int instances) {
-        return new BridgedConfig.Leader(profile, terminal, instances, "lead:", 10, null, null,
+    private static BridgedConfig.Leader lead(String profile, String tab, int instances) {
+        return new BridgedConfig.Leader(profile, tab, instances, "lead:", 10, null, null,
                 "leads", "/repo");
     }
 
@@ -70,16 +70,16 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     void startsTheDeclaredLeadWhenNoneIsRunning() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
 
-        assertEquals(1, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(1, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads());
         assertTrue(herdr.called("agent.start"), "a lead must actually be started");
         assertEquals("lead-opus", startedName(herdr));
     }
 
-    /** The tab is labelled so the scanner finds the lead on the next resolve. */
+    /** The tab is labelled with the configured `tab:` so the scanner finds the lead on the next resolve. */
     @Test
-    void labelsTheTabWithThePrefixTheScannerReadsBack() {
+    void labelsTheTabWithTheConfiguredTabValue() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
-        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads();
+        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads();
 
         assertEquals("lead: opus",
                 ((Map<?, ?>) herdr.lastCall("tab.rename").params()).get("label"));
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     void startsAsManyInstancesAsAreDeclared() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
 
-        assertEquals(2, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 2))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(2, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 2))).ensureLeads());
         assertEquals(2, herdr.calls.stream().filter(c -> c.method().equals("agent.start")).count());
     }
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
                 .withTab("wL", "wL:t1", "lead: opus")
                 .withAgent("lead-opus", "term_lead", "wL:p1", "wL:t1");
 
-        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads());
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.start"), "the live lead must not be duplicated");
     }
 
@@ -118,20 +118,23 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
                 .withWorkspace("wL", "leads")
                 .withTab("wL", "wL:t1", "lead: opus"); // label only — nothing running in it
 
-        assertEquals(1, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads(),
+        assertEquals(1, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads(),
                 "a stale label is not a lead; the lead must be relaunched");
     }
 
     /**
-     * A lead the operator opened by hand and pinned with `terminal:` is live even though its tab
-     * carries no matching label. Counting labels alone would relaunch it on every boot.
+     * A lead the operator opened by hand is live once its tab carries the configured `tab:` label —
+     * CB-579 retired the `terminal:` pin, so a hand-opened lead is found the same way an
+     * auto-launched one is, by its tab, not by a terminal id nobody wrote down in advance.
      */
     @Test
-    void aPinnedTerminalWithARunningAgentCountsAsLive() {
+    void aHandOpenedLeadWithTheConfiguredTabLabelCountsAsLive() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr()
-                .withAgent("hand-opened", "term_pinned", "wX:p1", "wX:t1");
+                .withWorkspace("wX", "main")
+                .withTab("wX", "wX:t1", "lead: opus")
+                .withAgent("hand-opened", "term_hand", "wX:p1", "wX:t1");
 
-        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "term_pinned", 1))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads());
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.start"));
     }
 
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
                 .withTab("wM", "wM:t1", "lead: opus")              // a member tab that looks like a lead
                 .withAgent("claude-opus-x", "term_m", "wM:p1", "wM:t1");
 
-        assertEquals(1, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads(),
+        assertEquals(1, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads(),
                 "a member in a lead-labelled tab is not a lead, so the real lead is still missing");
     }
 
@@ -152,7 +155,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     void anUncountableHerdrStartsNothing() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().healthy(false);
 
-        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads());
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.start"));
     }
 
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     @Test
     void theLeadNeverReceivesTheWorkerReplyCharter() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
-        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads();
+        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads();
 
         List<String> args = startedArgs(herdr);
         assertFalse(args.contains("--append-system-prompt"),
@@ -178,7 +181,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     @Test
     void theLeadMountsTheBridgeMcpAndPinsItsModel() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
-        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads();
+        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads();
 
         List<String> args = startedArgs(herdr);
         assertTrue(args.contains("--mcp-config"));
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     @Test
     void theLeadEnvCarriesNoAnthropicBinding() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
-        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads();
+        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads();
 
         Map<String, String> env = tabEnv(herdr);
         assertNull(env.get("ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL"));
@@ -205,7 +208,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     @Test
     void theLeadTabIsCreatedOutsideEveryMemberWorkspace() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
-        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 1))).ensureLeads();
+        launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads();
 
         String label = (String) ((Map<?, ?>) herdr.lastCall("workspace.create").params()).get("label");
         assertEquals("leads", label);
@@ -214,12 +217,12 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
 
     // ── recognise-only and misconfiguration ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-    /** A lead with a pin but no profile is recognise-only by design — not an error, not a launch. */
+    /** A lead with a tab but no profile is recognise-only by design — not an error, not a launch. */
     @Test
     void aLeadThatNamesNoProfileIsRecognisedButNeverLaunched() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
 
-        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead(null, "term_dead", 1))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead(null, "lead: dead", 1))).ensureLeads());
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.start"));
     }
 
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     void zeroInstancesLaunchesNothing() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
 
-        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", null, 0))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("opus", "lead: opus", 0))).ensureLeads());
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.start"));
     }
 
@@ -237,7 +240,7 @@ class LeadLauncherTest {
     void anUnknownProfileIsSkippedRatherThanThrown() {
         FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
 
-        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("nope", null, 1))).ensureLeads());
+        assertEquals(0, launcher(herdr, configWith(lead("nope", "lead: opus", 1))).ensureLeads());
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.start"));
     }
 

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/mcp/BridgeMcpAuthzTest.java

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ class BridgeMcpAuthzTest {
                 new PrimaryRegistry(null),
                 enforce ? CallerResolver.withLeadsAndMembers(identity, false, null,
                 Map::of, new MemberRegistry(null)) : null,
-                metrics, BridgeMcp.CapacitySource.none(), new BridgeMcp.HealthCoverageSource(() -> "off"));
+                metrics, BridgeMcp.CapacitySource.none(), new BridgeMcp.HealthCoverageSource(() -> "off"),
+                BridgeMcp.QuarantineSource.none());
         return mcp;
     }
 

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/mcp/BridgeMcpTest.java

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.MemberPresence;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.MemberSession;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.session.WorktreeRequest;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.member.ClaudeCodeLauncher;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.BackendQuarantine;
 import io.modelcontextprotocol.spec.McpSchema;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.InMemoryReplyInbox;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
@@ -437,11 +438,29 @@ class BridgeMcpTest {
     @Test
     void profilesListsConfiguredProfilesAndDefault() {
         FakeHerdr h = new FakeHerdr();
-        McpSchema.CallToolResult res = BridgeMcp.profiles(workerService(h, "http://gx00.gw:8000", Set.of("gx00.gw")));
+        McpSchema.CallToolResult res = BridgeMcp.profiles(
+                workerService(h, "http://gx00.gw:8000", Set.of("gx00.gw")), BridgeMcp.QuarantineSource.none());
         assertNotEquals(Boolean.TRUE, res.isError());
         String out = textOf(res);
         assertTrue(out.contains("ltms-local"), out);
         assertTrue(out.contains("\"default\":\"ltms-local\""), out);
+        assertFalse(out.contains("quarantined"), "no profile is quarantined, so the key is omitted: " + out);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void profilesReportsAQuarantinedCredential() {
+        FakeHerdr h = new FakeHerdr();
+        BackendQuarantine quarantine = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        quarantine.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        BridgeMcp.QuarantineSource source = new BridgeMcp.QuarantineSource(
+                profile -> "ltms-local".equals(profile) ? "shared-openai" : null, quarantine);
+        McpSchema.CallToolResult res = BridgeMcp.profiles(
+                workerService(h, "http://gx00.gw:8000", Set.of("gx00.gw")), source);
+        assertNotEquals(Boolean.TRUE, res.isError());
+        String out = textOf(res);
+        assertTrue(out.contains("\"quarantined\""), out);
+        assertTrue(out.contains("shared-openai"), out);
+        assertTrue(out.contains("\"quarantinedForSeconds\":1800"), out);
     }
 
     @Test

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/ClaudeCodeLauncherTest.java

@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ class ClaudeCodeLauncherTest {
         return new BridgedConfig.Profile(
                 profile, baseUrl, "sonnet", null, "BRIDGED_WORKER_TOKEN",
                 List.of("ccs", profile), "tab", "bridged-workers", "w #{n}", null, null, null,
-                null, null, null, Map.of(), null, null, true);
+                null, null, null, Map.of(), null, null, true, null);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ class ClaudeCodeLauncherTest {
                 null, null, null,
                 Map.of("ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL", "http://evil.example.com",
                         "ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN", "sk-ant-bad", "JAVA_HOME", "/opt/jdk"),
-                null, null, true);
+                null, null, true, null);
         new ClaudeCodeLauncher(new AgentControl(herdr), new WorkspaceControl(herdr),
                 new SubscriptionGuard(Set.of("gx00.gw")), Map.of(cfg.profile(), cfg), cfg.profile(),
                 _ -> "would-be-token").spawn();

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/CompositePeerLauncherTest.java

@@ -10,11 +10,13 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.AgentControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.FakeHerdr;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.Capability;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.MemberRole;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerHandle;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerUnreachableException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.SpawnRequest;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.BackendQuarantine;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.PlacementException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.placement.PlacementPolicies;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@ import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
 
@@ -93,6 +97,7 @@ class CompositePeerLauncherTest {
                 @Override public String id() { return "pane-" + p; }
                 @Override public String terminalId() { return "term-" + p; }
                 @Override public String profile() { return p; }
+                @Override public CharterReceipt charterReceipt() { return null; }
             };
         }
 
@@ -126,6 +131,13 @@ class CompositePeerLauncherTest {
                 weight, maxLoad);
     }
 
+    private static BridgedConfig.Profile stubWorker(String profile, String credentialId) {
+        return new BridgedConfig.Profile(profile, "http://gx00.gw:8000", "coder",
+                null, "BRIDGED_WORKER_TOKEN", List.of("claude"), "tab", "bridged-workers",
+                "w #{n}", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null,
+                null, null, credentialId);
+    }
+
     /**
      * An <em>order-preserving</em> profile map. Never {@code Map.of} here: its iteration order is
      * salted per JVM run, and the weighted policy breaks an exact-weight tie on candidate order —
@@ -552,4 +564,105 @@ class CompositePeerLauncherTest {
                 new SpawnRequest(null, null, null, null, null, MemberRole.DEV)));
         assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("maxLoad"), e.getMessage());
     }
+
+    // ── CB-578 stage B: a BACKEND_EXHAUSTED classification quarantines the credential ──────────
+
+    @Test
+    void explicitSpawnOntoAQuarantinedProfileIsRefusedNamingTheCredentialAndRemainingTime() {
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> profiles = ordered(
+                "sol", stubWorker("sol", "shared-openai"),
+                "terra", stubWorker("terra", "shared-openai"));
+        StubLauncher adapter = new StubLauncher("claude", herdr, profiles, "sol", Set.of());
+        BackendQuarantine quarantine = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        quarantine.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        CompositePeerLauncher composite = new CompositePeerLauncher(List.of(adapter), "sol", profiles,
+                PlacementPolicies.fixed(), _ -> 0, null, quarantine);
+
+        PlacementException e = assertThrows(PlacementException.class,
+                () -> composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("sol", null, null)));
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("sol"), "message names the profile: " + e.getMessage());
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("shared-openai"), "message names the credential: " + e.getMessage());
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("1800"), "message names roughly when it lifts: " + e.getMessage());
+        assertEquals(0, adapter.spawnCount("sol"), "the quarantined profile is never delegated to");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The part CB-578 stage B calls out as easy to get wrong: sol and terra are two different
+     * profiles sharing one OpenAI credential. Quarantining because of an exhaustion classified on
+     * ONE of them must lock out the other too, or the fleet just walks onto the same dead account
+     * under the sibling's name.
+     */
+    @Test
+    void twoProfilesSharingACredentialAreBothQuarantinedByOneExhaustionEvent() {
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> profiles = ordered(
+                "sol", stubWorker("sol", "shared-openai"),
+                "terra", stubWorker("terra", "shared-openai"));
+        StubLauncher adapter = new StubLauncher("claude", herdr, profiles, "sol", Set.of());
+        BackendQuarantine quarantine = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        // Only "sol" was classified BACKEND_EXHAUSTED — but the two profiles share one credential.
+        quarantine.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        CompositePeerLauncher composite = new CompositePeerLauncher(List.of(adapter), "sol", profiles,
+                PlacementPolicies.fixed(), _ -> 0, null, quarantine);
+
+        assertThrows(PlacementException.class, () -> composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("sol", null, null)),
+                "sol was the one classified exhausted");
+        assertThrows(PlacementException.class, () -> composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("terra", null, null)),
+                "terra shares sol's credential, so it must be locked out too");
+        assertEquals(0, adapter.spawnCount("sol"));
+        assertEquals(0, adapter.spawnCount("terra"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void placementSkipsAQuarantinedProfileAndRoutesToAnUnquarantinedOne() {
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> profiles = ordered(
+                "sol", stubWorker("sol", "shared-openai"),
+                "b", stubWorker("b"));
+        StubLauncher adapter = new StubLauncher("claude", herdr, profiles, "sol", Set.of());
+        BackendQuarantine quarantine = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        quarantine.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        CompositePeerLauncher composite = new CompositePeerLauncher(List.of(adapter), "sol", profiles,
+                PlacementPolicies.weighted(), _ -> 0, null, quarantine);
+
+        PeerHandle h = composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest(null, null, null));
+        assertEquals("b", h.profile(), "sol is quarantined, so an unqualified spawn must land on b");
+        assertEquals(0, adapter.spawnCount("sol"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aQuarantineLiftsOnTheInjectedClockAndTheProfileBecomesSpawnableAgain() {
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        Map<String, BridgedConfig.Profile> profiles = ordered(
+                "sol", stubWorker("sol", "shared-openai"),
+                "b", stubWorker("b"));
+        StubLauncher adapter = new StubLauncher("claude", herdr, profiles, "sol", Set.of());
+        AtomicLong nowNanos = new AtomicLong(0L);
+        BackendQuarantine quarantine = new BackendQuarantine(nowNanos::get, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        quarantine.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        CompositePeerLauncher composite = new CompositePeerLauncher(List.of(adapter), "sol", profiles,
+                PlacementPolicies.fixed(), _ -> 0, null, quarantine);
+
+        assertThrows(PlacementException.class, () -> composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("sol", null, null)),
+                "still inside the cooldown");
+
+        nowNanos.set(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(31));
+
+        PeerHandle h = composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("sol", null, null));
+        assertEquals("sol", h.profile(), "the cooldown expired on the injected clock — sol is spawnable again");
+        assertEquals(1, adapter.spawnCount("sol"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aFleetWithNoExhaustedPatternAnywhereBehavesExactlyAsBeforeQuarantineExisted() {
+        // BackendQuarantine.none() is the inert stand-in every constructor already defaults to when
+        // no quarantine is wired — the 2/5/6-arg constructors used throughout this file all exercise
+        // it. This test pins that an explicit .none() also never refuses a spawn, for any profile.
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        PeerLauncher composite = composite(herdr);
+
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("claude", null, null)));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> composite.spawn(new SpawnRequest("gemini", null, null)));
+    }
 }

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/HerdrPeerLauncherCharterTest.java

@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
 package dev.ltms.bridged.member;
 
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.core.read.ListAppender;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.config.BridgedConfig;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.AgentControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.FakeHerdr;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.Capability;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.MemberRole;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.SpawnRequest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -17,6 +23,8 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 class HerdrPeerLauncherCharterTest {
 
@@ -38,10 +46,72 @@ class HerdrPeerLauncherCharterTest {
                 "a role charter does not depend on an MCP mount");
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void panePlacementSpawnLogNeverContainsTheCharterText() {
+        // A pane-placement spawn used to log the whole argv (CB-571), and the charter travels
+        // inside argv — so the charter text leaked to the daemon log. Prove the legacy pane path
+        // now redacts it to its digest.
+        String secret = "TOP SECRET charter marker 99x"; // distinctive, so a leak is unambiguous
+        AtomicReference<BridgedConfig.Fleet> fleet = new AtomicReference<>(fleet(Map.of("dev", secret)));
+        CharterArgLauncher launcher = new CharterArgLauncher(fleet::get);
+
+        Logger logger = (Logger) LoggerFactory.getLogger(HerdrPeerLauncher.class);
+        Level previous = logger.getLevel();
+        ListAppender<ILoggingEvent> appender = new ListAppender<>();
+        appender.start();
+        logger.addAppender(appender);
+        logger.setLevel(Level.INFO); // the test logback sets dev.ltms.bridged to WARN; a leak lives at INFO
+        try {
+            launcher.spawn(new SpawnRequest("mcp", null, null, null, null, MemberRole.DEV));
+
+            String all = String.join("\n", appender.list.stream().map(ILoggingEvent::getFormattedMessage).toList());
+            assertFalse(all.contains(secret),
+                    "the pane-placement spawn log must not contain the charter text; got:\n" + all);
+            // The "mcp" profile composes role + reply charter; the digest must match that composed
+            // string (the exact bytes the adapter receives), proving the redaction hashes and
+            // removes the real, full charter — not some placeholder.
+            String composed = secret + "\n\n" + HerdrPeerLauncher.REPLY_CHARTER;
+            assertTrue(all.contains("<charter sha256=" + CharterReceipt.digestOf(composed) + ">"),
+                    "the charter argv argument should be replaced by its digest; got:\n" + all);
+        } finally {
+            logger.setLevel(previous);
+            logger.detachAppender(appender);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static BridgedConfig.Fleet fleet(Map<String, String> charters) {
         return new BridgedConfig.Fleet(Map.of(), Map.of(), Map.of(), Map.of(), charters, null);
     }
 
+    private static BridgedConfig.Profile profile(String name, String mcpUrl) {
+        return new BridgedConfig.Profile(name, "http://gx00.gw:8000", null, null,
+                "BRIDGED_WORKER_TOKEN", List.of("test"), "pane", null, null, mcpUrl, null, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A launcher whose {@code buildLaunch} hands the composed charter to herdr as one argv element
+     * (what the claude-cod adapter does), so a pane-placement spawn log would print it unless the
+     * base redacts it.
+     */
+    private static final class CharterArgLauncher extends HerdrPeerLauncher {
+
+        CharterArgLauncher(Supplier<BridgedConfig.Fleet> fleet) {
+            super("test", new AgentControl(new FakeHerdr()), new WorkspaceControl(new FakeHerdr()),
+                    Map.of("mcp", profile("mcp", "http://bridge")),
+                    "mcp", _ -> null, 0, () -> 0L, () -> { }, fleet);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Launch buildLaunch(BridgedConfig.Profile cfg, LaunchSpec spec) {
+            return new Launch(Map.of(), List.of("test", spec.charter() == null ? "none" : spec.charter()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Set<Capability> capabilities() {
+            return Set.of();
+        }
+    }
+
     private static final class CapturingLauncher extends HerdrPeerLauncher {
         private final List<LaunchSpec> specs = new ArrayList<>();
 
@@ -62,10 +132,5 @@ class HerdrPeerLauncherCharterTest {
         public Set<Capability> capabilities() {
             return Set.of();
         }
-
-        private static BridgedConfig.Profile profile(String name, String mcpUrl) {
-            return new BridgedConfig.Profile(name, "http://gx00.gw:8000", null, null,
-                    "BRIDGED_WORKER_TOKEN", List.of("test"), "pane", null, null, mcpUrl, null, null);
-        }
     }
 }

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/member/OpenCodeLauncherTest.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.AgentControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.FakeHerdr;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.Capability;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerHandle;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerUnreachableException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.SpawnRequest;
@@ -322,6 +323,26 @@ class OpenCodeLauncherTest {
         assertFalse(herdr.called("agent.get"), "no polling when the gate is disabled");
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void handleCarriesTheRealCharterReceiptNotTheInterfaceDefault(@TempDir Path root) {
+        // The base's WorkerHandle computes a real CharterReceipt (CB-571), but the opencode adapter
+        // wraps it in SessionAwareHandle for lazy session discovery. Before this fix that decorator
+        // did not override charterReceipt(), so it silently inherited PeerHandle's `null` default
+        // and the real receipt sitting on its delegate was lost.
+        FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr();
+        BridgedConfig.Fleet fleet = new BridgedConfig.Fleet(Map.of(), Map.of(), Map.of(), Map.of(),
+                Map.of("dev", "role rule"), null);
+        PeerHandle handle = service(herdr, root,
+                opencodeCfg("google/gemini-2.5-pro", "http://127.0.0.1:8765/mcp", null), () -> fleet)
+                .spawn(new SpawnRequest(null, null, null));
+
+        assertNotNull(handle.charterReceipt(),
+                "an opencode spawn's charterReceipt() must not silently be null");
+        String composed = "role rule\n\n" + HerdrPeerLauncher.REPLY_CHARTER;
+        assertEquals(CharterReceipt.digestOf(composed), handle.charterReceipt().charterSha256(),
+                "the receipt on the wrapped handle must match the exact composed charter bytes");
+    }
+
     // --- CB-508: pinned OpenAI-compatible endpoint (e.g. a local vLLM) ---------------------------
 
     /** A profile with a baseUrl but no model provider prefix cannot be resolved — fail loudly. */

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/msg/MessageServiceTest.java

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.AgentStatus;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.FakeHerdr;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.HerdrException;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.CompletionResolver;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.ExhaustedPatternLookup;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.ExhaustionSink;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.mcp.PrimaryRegistry;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.inject.Injector;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
@@ -31,7 +33,8 @@ class MessageServiceTest {
     private final FakeHerdr herdr = new FakeHerdr().readText("BUILD GREEN: 391 files");
     private final AgentControl agents = new AgentControl(herdr);
     private final Rendezvous rendezvous = new Rendezvous();
-    private final CompletionResolver completion = new CompletionResolver(agents, rendezvous);
+    private final CompletionResolver completion =
+            new CompletionResolver(agents, rendezvous, ExhaustedPatternLookup.none(), ExhaustionSink.none());
     private final Injector injector = new Injector(agents, completion);
     private final InMemoryReplyInbox inbox = new InMemoryReplyInbox();
     private final MessageService messages = new MessageService(agents, injector, rendezvous, inbox);

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/msg/RendezvousTest.java

@@ -114,6 +114,17 @@ class RendezvousTest {
                 "the first resolution wins; the stored value is unchanged");
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void resolveExhaustedTwiceIsANoOpTheSecondTime() {
+        CompletableFuture<Rendezvous.Resolution> waiter = rendezvous.open(W);
+        assertTrue(rendezvous.resolveExhausted(waiter, "first reason"), "the first classification resolves");
+        assertFalse(rendezvous.resolveExhausted(waiter, "second reason"),
+                "a second exhausted resolution on an already-resolved waiter returns false");
+        assertEquals(Rendezvous.Kind.BACKEND_EXHAUSTED, waiter.getNow(null).kind());
+        assertEquals("first reason", waiter.getNow(null).text(),
+                "the first resolution wins; the stored value is unchanged");
+    }
+
     @Test
     void closeAskRemovesTheTurn() {
         Rendezvous.AskTicket t = rendezvous.openAsk(W);

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/peer/CharterReceiptTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package dev.ltms.bridged.peer;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+class CharterReceiptTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void recordsNoCharterConfiguredDistinctFromCharterDelivered() {
+        // No role charter configured — only the reply charter is composed. Source is "none", but
+        // text was still delivered, so absent() is false and the digest is present.
+        CharterReceipt viaReply = CharterReceipt.compose(MemberRole.DEV, "s", null, "reply charter");
+        // A role charter was configured AND delivered.
+        CharterReceipt delivered = CharterReceipt.compose(MemberRole.DEV, "s", "role charter",
+                "role charter\n\nreply charter");
+
+        // The two cases must not collapse: the no-role-charter case reports "none", the delivered
+        // case reports the config key, and their digests differ.
+        assertEquals(CharterReceipt.NO_SOURCE, viaReply.charterSource());
+        assertEquals("fleet.charters.dev", delivered.charterSource());
+        assertNotEquals(viaReply.charterSource(), delivered.charterSource());
+        assertNotEquals(viaReply.charterSha256(), delivered.charterSha256());
+
+        // Both actually delivered text — the distinction is the source and digest, not absence.
+        assertFalse(viaReply.absent());
+        assertFalse(delivered.absent());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void recordsExplicitAbsenceWhenNoCharterIsComposed() {
+        CharterReceipt none = CharterReceipt.compose(MemberRole.REVIEWER, "s", null, null);
+        assertTrue(none.absent());
+        assertNull(none.charterSha256());
+        assertEquals(0, none.charterBytes());
+        assertEquals(CharterReceipt.NO_SOURCE, none.charterSource(),
+                "no configured charter and nothing composed still reports a source, never a gap");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void digestIsStableForSameTextAndDiffersForDifferentText() {
+        assertEquals(CharterReceipt.digestOf("charter-aaa"), CharterReceipt.digestOf("charter-aaa"),
+                "the same text must always produce the same digest");
+        assertNotEquals(CharterReceipt.digestOf("charter-aaa"), CharterReceipt.digestOf("charter-bbb"),
+                "different text must produce a different digest");
+        assertNull(CharterReceipt.digestOf(""), "blank text carries no digest");
+
+        // The record's fingerprint matches the standalone digest for the same composed string.
+        CharterReceipt r = CharterReceipt.compose(MemberRole.DEV, "s", "role", "the composed text");
+        assertEquals(CharterReceipt.digestOf("the composed text"), r.charterSha256());
+        assertFalse(r.absent());
+    }
+}

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/placement/BackendQuarantineTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package dev.ltms.bridged.placement;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.OptionalLong;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+/**
+ * CB-578 stage B: the credential-keyed quarantine tracker itself, isolated from placement/spawn
+ * wiring (that's {@code CompositePeerLauncherTest}). The clock is a plain {@link AtomicLong} of
+ * nanos so expiry is exercised without a real sleep.
+ */
+class BackendQuarantineTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void aFreshCredentialIsNotQuarantined() {
+        BackendQuarantine q = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        assertFalse(q.isQuarantined("shared-openai"));
+        assertEquals(OptionalLong.empty(), q.remainingSeconds("shared-openai"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void quarantineBlocksTheCredentialForTheFullCooldown() {
+        BackendQuarantine q = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai");
+
+        assertTrue(q.isQuarantined("shared-openai"));
+        assertEquals(OptionalLong.of(1800L), q.remainingSeconds("shared-openai"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void onlyTheQuarantinedCredentialIsAffected() {
+        BackendQuarantine q = new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai");
+
+        assertFalse(q.isQuarantined("some-other-credential"),
+                "an unrelated credential must not be swept into the quarantine");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void expiresOnTheInjectedClock() {
+        AtomicLong now = new AtomicLong(0L);
+        BackendQuarantine q = new BackendQuarantine(now::get, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        assertTrue(q.isQuarantined("shared-openai"));
+
+        now.set(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(29));
+        assertTrue(q.isQuarantined("shared-openai"), "still inside the cooldown");
+
+        now.set(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(31));
+        assertFalse(q.isQuarantined("shared-openai"), "the cooldown has elapsed on the injected clock");
+        assertEquals(OptionalLong.empty(), q.remainingSeconds("shared-openai"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aRepeatQuarantineCallRestartsTheCooldownAtFullLength() {
+        AtomicLong now = new AtomicLong(0L);
+        BackendQuarantine q = new BackendQuarantine(now::get, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai");
+
+        now.set(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(20));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai");
+
+        now.set(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(45)); // 25 min after the second call, 45 after the first
+        assertTrue(q.isQuarantined("shared-openai"),
+                "a fresh exhaustion resets the cooldown to full length, not the earlier shorter wait");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void activeRemainingSecondsListsOnlyStillQuarantinedCredentials() {
+        AtomicLong now = new AtomicLong(0L);
+        BackendQuarantine q = new BackendQuarantine(now::get, TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(30));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai");
+        q.quarantine("another-credential");
+
+        now.set(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toNanos(31));
+        q.quarantine("shared-openai"); // re-quarantined after the first one expired
+
+        Map<String, Long> active = q.activeRemainingSeconds();
+        assertEquals(Map.of("shared-openai", 1800L), active,
+                "the expired credential is dropped; the re-quarantined one is reported");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void noneReportsNothingQuarantinedWhenNeverToldTo() {
+        // .none() is the stand-in for a caller whose code path never calls #quarantine at all (e.g.
+        // the 2/5/6-arg CompositePeerLauncher constructors) — not a guarantee that a call to
+        // #quarantine on it is a no-op. Left alone, as those call sites leave it, nothing is ever
+        // quarantined.
+        BackendQuarantine q = BackendQuarantine.none();
+
+        assertFalse(q.isQuarantined("anything"));
+        assertTrue(q.activeRemainingSeconds().isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void aNonPositiveCooldownIsRejected() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, 0L));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new BackendQuarantine(() -> 0L, -1L));
+    }
+}

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/placement/PlacementPolicyTest.java

@@ -24,7 +24,13 @@ class PlacementPolicyTest {
     private static PlacementContext ctx(List<PlacementCandidate> candidates,
                                         Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
                                         Set<String> unreachable) {
-        return new PlacementContext("b", candidates, liveCount, unreachable);
+        return ctx(candidates, liveCount, unreachable, Set.of());
+    }
+
+    private static PlacementContext ctx(List<PlacementCandidate> candidates,
+                                        Function<String, Integer> liveCount,
+                                        Set<String> unreachable, Set<String> quarantined) {
+        return new PlacementContext("b", candidates, liveCount, unreachable, quarantined);
     }
 
     private static PlacementContext ctx(List<PlacementCandidate> candidates,
@@ -46,17 +52,37 @@ class PlacementPolicyTest {
         PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.fixed();
         PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext(null,
                 List.of(PlacementCandidate.profile("a"), PlacementCandidate.profile("b")),
-                noSessions(), Set.of());
+                noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of());
         assertEquals("a", policy.select(ctx).profile());
     }
 
     @Test
     void fixedThrowsWhenNoProfilesAndNoDefault() {
         PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.fixed();
-        PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext(null, List.of(), noSessions(), Set.of());
+        PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext(null, List.of(), noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of());
         assertThrows(PlacementException.class, () -> policy.select(ctx));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void fixedSkipsQuarantinedDefault() {
+        PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.fixed();
+        PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext("b",
+                List.of(PlacementCandidate.profile("a"), PlacementCandidate.profile("b")),
+                noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of("b"));
+        assertEquals("a", policy.select(ctx).profile(),
+                "the default 'b' is quarantined, so fixed falls through to the first un-quarantined candidate");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void fixedThrowsWhenDefaultAndEveryCandidateQuarantined() {
+        PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.fixed();
+        PlacementContext ctx = new PlacementContext("b",
+                List.of(PlacementCandidate.profile("a"), PlacementCandidate.profile("b")),
+                noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of("a", "b"));
+        PlacementException e = assertThrows(PlacementException.class, () -> policy.select(ctx));
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("quarantined"), e.getMessage());
+    }
+
     @Test
     void roundRobinCyclesThroughAvailableProfiles() {
         PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.roundRobin();
@@ -82,6 +108,18 @@ class PlacementPolicyTest {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void roundRobinSkipsQuarantinedProfiles() {
+        PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.roundRobin();
+        List<PlacementCandidate> candidates = List.of(
+                PlacementCandidate.profile("a"),
+                PlacementCandidate.profile("b"));
+        PlacementContext ctx = ctx(candidates, noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of("a"));
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            assertEquals("b", policy.select(ctx).profile(), "a is quarantined, so every pick lands on b");
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void roundRobinThrowsWhenAllAtMaxLoad() {
         PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.roundRobin();
@@ -150,6 +188,29 @@ class PlacementPolicyTest {
         assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("maxLoad"), e.getMessage());
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void weightedSkipsQuarantinedProfile() {
+        PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.weighted();
+        List<PlacementCandidate> candidates = List.of(
+                PlacementCandidate.profile("a", 1.0f, null),
+                PlacementCandidate.profile("b", 1.0f, null));
+        PlacementContext ctx = ctx(candidates, noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of("a"));
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            assertEquals("b", policy.select(ctx).profile(), "a is quarantined, so every pick lands on b");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void weightedThrowsWhenAllQuarantined() {
+        PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.weighted();
+        List<PlacementCandidate> candidates = List.of(
+                PlacementCandidate.profile("a"),
+                PlacementCandidate.profile("b"));
+        PlacementException e = assertThrows(PlacementException.class,
+                () -> policy.select(ctx(candidates, noSessions(), Set.of(), Set.of("a", "b"))));
+        assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("quarantined"), e.getMessage());
+    }
+
     @Test
     void weightedThrowsWhenAllUnreachable() {
         PlacementPolicy policy = PlacementPolicies.weighted();

bridged/src/test/java/dev/ltms/bridged/session/SessionManagerTest.java

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.FakeHerdr;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.herdr.WorkspaceControl;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.member.ClaudeCodeLauncher;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.msg.TestTurnTokens;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.CharterReceipt;
+import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.MemberRole;
 import dev.ltms.bridged.peer.PeerUnreachableException;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
@@ -91,6 +93,24 @@ class SessionManagerTest {
         assertEquals(2, sessions.roster().size(), "both sessions are registered");
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void rosterViewExposesTheCharterReceiptButNeverTheCharterText() {
+        // The roster (bridge_list and GET /members both render through rosterView) must let a lead
+        // see which charter a member got, without ever carrying the charter prose itself (CB-571).
+        MemberSession s = new MemberSession("p1", "term1", "prof", MemberRole.DEV, "/cwd", null,
+                0, 0, 0, MemberSession.State.READY, null, null,
+                CharterReceipt.compose(MemberRole.DEV, "prof", "role charter", "role charter\n\nreply"));
+
+        Map<String, Object> view = SessionManager.rosterView(s, null);
+
+        assertEquals("fleet.charters.dev", view.get("charterSource"),
+                "the config key that supplied the role charter is reported");
+        assertEquals(CharterReceipt.digestOf("role charter\n\nreply"), view.get("charterSha256"),
+                "the digest of the exact composed charter bytes is reported");
+        assertFalse(view.values().toString().contains("role charter"),
+                "the roster row must not embed the charter text itself");
+    }
+
     @Test
     void aNullTerminalFromThePrimaryIsANoOpEvenWithSessionsRegistered() {
         // The primary resolves to a Principal with no terminal, and BridgeMcp's context extractor